Managing Movement Disorders Flashcards
What is ataxia?
A) Loss of consciousness
B) Lack of muscle control and coordination
C) Increased muscle tone
D) Increased reflexes
B) Lack of muscle control and coordination
Which brain region is primarily affected in ataxia?
A) Cerebellum
B) Frontal lobe
C) Hippocampus
D) Medulla
A) Cerebellum
What is a common cause of cerebellar ataxia?
A) Hypertension
B) Cerebrovascular accident (CVA)
C) Renal disease
D) Asthma
B) Cerebrovascular accident (CVA)
Which of the following is NOT a symptom of ataxia?
A) Dysarthria
B) Gait disturbance
C) Increased muscle tone
D) Visual dysfunction
C) Increased muscle tone
Which scale assesses gait, stance, sitting, and dysmetria in ataxia?
A) SARA
B) BARS
C) ICARS
D) MMSE
A) SARA
How many items are on the Brief Ataxia Rating Scale (BARS)?
A) 5
B) 10
C) 8
D) 15
A) 5
Which intervention is used for stabilizing the trunk in ataxia management?
A) Walking without support
B) Proximal stabilization
C) Rotating trunk exercises
D) Increasing movement speed
B) Proximal stabilization
Which device is designed to dampen tremors during eating?
A) Weighted spoon
B) Liftware Steady
C) Electric toothbrush
D) Platform walker
B) Liftware Steady
Which type of tremor is observed at rest?
A) Postural tremor
B) Intention tremor
C) Task-specific tremor
D) Resting tremor
D) Resting tremor
Dysmetria refers to a difficulty in:
A) Muscle contraction
B) Rapid alternating movements
C) Movement accuracy
D) Tremor control
C) Movement accuracy
Hypotonia is commonly observed in patients with:
A) Spinal injury
B) Cerebellar dysfunction
C) Parkinson’s disease
D) Asthma
B) Cerebellar dysfunction
Which tool is used to measure postural and gait disturbance in ataxia?
A) ICARS
B) Barthel Index
C) ADL scale
D) Glasgow Coma Scale
A) ICARS
Cuff weights help patients with ataxia by:
A) Increasing movement speed
B) Decreasing degrees of freedom
C) Enhancing agility
D) Reducing pain
B) Decreasing degrees of freedom
Compression garments for tremor management are:
A) Well-supported by evidence
B) Only beneficial for posture
C) Anecdotally beneficial
D) Mainly used for lower limbs
C) Anecdotally beneficial
Which of the following is a core goal of ataxia therapy?
A) Increasing degrees of freedom
B) Decreasing postural control
C) Enhancing proximal stability
D) Reducing proprioception
C) Enhancing proximal stability
Which therapeutic exercise supports core stability?
A) Running
B) Wall squats
C) Elbow flexion
D) Shoulder shrugs
B) Wall squats
Biofeedback is sometimes used for:
A) Increasing tremors
B) Improving muscle tone
C) Tremor dampening
D) Gait enhancement
C) Tremor dampening
The International Cooperative Ataxia Rating Scale (ICARS) has how many items?
A) 8
B) 10
C) 19
D) 5
C) 19
Oscillopsia is best described as:
A) Poor posture
B) Visual blurring during movement
C) Tremor at rest
D) Inability to initiate movement
B) Visual blurring during movement
What is a common intervention for gait ataxia?
A) Wrist splints
B) High-back chairs
C) Virtual reality training
D) Open-chain exercises
C) Virtual reality training
Patients with cerebellar dysfunction often experience:
A) Increased reflexes
B) Decreased muscle tone
C) Improved balance
D) Increased proprioception
B) Decreased muscle tone
Balance-based torso weighting (BBTW) is aimed at:
A) Improving arm movement speed
B) Enhancing standing stability
C) Reducing gait speed
D) Increasing visual acuit
B) Enhancing standing stability
Which condition involves difficulty with rapid alternating movements?
A) Hypotonia
B) Dysdiadochokinesia
C) Dysmetria
D) Hypertonia
B) Dysdiadochokinesia
An example of an adaptive device for patients with tremors is:
A) Long straw
B) Liftware Steady spoon
C) Head brace
D) Wrist cuff weights
B) Liftware Steady spoon
Weighted utensils are mainly recommended for patients with:
A) Parkinson’s tremors
B) Ataxic dysarthria
C) Visual dysfunction
D) Resting tremors
A) Parkinson’s tremors
Compression garments in ataxia are used to:
A) Reduce muscle tone
B) Decrease proprioception
C) Help with tremor management
D) Increase heart rate
C) Help with tremor management
Which assessment is used specifically for finger-chase and heel-shin tests?
A) MMSE
B) SARA
C) BARS
D) ICARS
B) SARA
Task-specific orthoses are designed to:
A) Reduce vision impairment
B) Stabilize joints for specific tasks
C) Increase movement velocity
D) Support cardiovascular health
B) Stabilize joints for specific tasks
Effective OT/PT intervention for ataxia often includes:
A) Manual resistance
B) Proximal stability exercises
C) High-speed arm movements
D) Open chain strengthening
B) Proximal stability exercises
In virtual reality therapy for ataxia, the focus is on:
A) Reflex inhibition
B) Balance and coordination
C) Eye-hand coordination only
D) Isolated muscle strength
B) Balance and coordination
