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AS AQA Business Studies > Managers, Leadership and Decision Making > Flashcards

Managers, Leadership and Decision Making Flashcards

1
Q

What is management?

A

Implementing strategies needed to achieve business objectives by organising and galvanizing employees.

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2
Q

What should managers do?

A
  • Set clear objectives that staff beleive in
  • Find the right team for meeting the objectives
  • Help ensure that all staff are motivated via delegation
  • Prepare staff for change
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3
Q

What do the roles of managers include?

A
  • Setting objectives
  • Analysing
  • Leading
  • Making decisions
  • Reviewing
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4
Q

What are the 4 different types of leadership?

A
  • Autocratic
  • Democratic
  • Laissez faire
  • Paternalistic
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5
Q

Describe an autocratic leader?

A
  • Leader makes decisions without reference to anyone else
  • High degree of dependancy on the leader
  • Can create de-motivation and alienation of staff
  • Decisions are made quickly
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6
Q

Describe a democratic leader?

A
  • Encourages decision making from different perspectives
  • Leaders consult before decisions are made
  • May help motivation
  • Workers feel ownership of their ideas
  • Improves sharing of ideas
  • Can delay decision making
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7
Q

Describe a laissez faire leader?

A
  • Responsibilities are shared by all
  • Can be useful in organisations where creative ideas are important
  • Can be motivational as people have control over their working lives
  • Can make decision making time consumingn and lacking in direction
  • Relies on good teamwork and interpersonal relationships
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8
Q

Describe a paternalistic leader?

A
  • Employees are consulted but leader makes all decisions
  • Leader acts a father figure
  • Close supervision but attempts are made to gain respect of staff
  • Type of authoritarian manager but the manager attempts to look after the needs of subordinates
  • Workers recognise that the manager is trying to support their needs
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9
Q

What are the factors that influence leadership styles?

A
  • The task
  • Tradition and culture of the organisation
  • Type of labour force
    • Skilled or unskilled
  • Group size
  • Leader’s personality
  • Group’s personality
  • Time availible to complete the task
  • Company’s structure
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10
Q

What is the Tannenbaum Schmidt Continuum?

A

A model that highlights the range of different management styles that may be adopted, ranging from a ‘tell’ approach to one that involves delegation

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11
Q

What does the Tannenbaum Schmidt model highlight?

A

That there is a range of styles rather than categorising management and leadership simply in terms of authoritairan and democratic

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12
Q

When can you use the Tannenbaum Schmidt Continuum?

A

The influences and impact of different management and leadership styles

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13
Q

What is the Blake Mouton grid?

A

A model that highlights different management styles, accorording to their focus on the task and the people within the business

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14
Q

What leader has high concern for people and low concern for the task?

A

Country club leader

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15
Q

What leader has low concern for people and low concern for the task?

A

Impoverished

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16
Q

What type of leader has medium concern for people and the task?

A

Middle of the road leader

17
Q

What type of leader has high concern for people and high concern for the task?

A

Team leader

18
Q

What type of leader has high concern for the task and low concern for people?

A

Produce or perish leader

19
Q

Describe a country club leader?

A
  • Most concern for people
  • If employees are happy they will work hard
  • Finds it hard to punish employees
  • Relationship between employee and leader is casual
20
Q

Describe an impoverished leader?

A
  • Least concern for people and production
  • No system for getting work done
  • Environment is not satisfying or motivating
  • Disorganised work, disastisfied employees and lack of harmony
21
Q

Describe a middle of the road leader?

A
  • Balanced concern for both people and production
  • Settles for average performance from employees
  • Mediocre production and employee satisfaction
22
Q

Describe a team leader.

A
  • Stesses high production and employee satisfaction
  • Employees who are satisfied will be committed to high production
  • High trust levels
23
Q

Describe a produce or perish leader?

A
  • Employees are simply a means to an end
  • Employee needs are always secondary to efficiency and productivity
  • Autocratic
  • Strict rules, policies and procedures
  • Punishment is most effective way to motivate employees
24
Q

What is intuitive decision making?

A

Using a combination of experience and a feel for the future

25
Q

What is scientific decision making?

A

A systematic approach to collecting facts and applying logical decision making techniques

26
Q

What are the advantages of intuitve decision making?

A
  • Make decisions quickly
  • Logic
  • Qualitative
  • More enthusiastic in decision
  • Less costs
    • Small businesses may not be able to access scientific methods
  • More understanding
    • Data may be unreliable or manipulated
27
Q

What are the advantages of scientific decision making?

A
  • Accurate
  • Evidence
  • Methodical
    • Easier to explain to shareholders
  • Forces lots of research
  • Financial stability
  • Keep reviewing / checking decisions
  • Easier to obtain finances

AS AQA Business Studies (3 decks)

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