management theories

Question 1

Work should be studied scientifically to determine the method of task performance that would yield maximum work output with minimum work expenditure

Answer 1

scientific management

Question 2

scientific management

Answer 2

frederick w. taylor

Question 3

Need for legalized, formal authority and consistent rules and regulations for personnel in different positions

Answer 3

Bureaucracy

Question 4

Theory of Social and Economic
Organization advocated Bureaucracy

Answer 4

max weber

Question 5

First identified the management functions of planning, organization, command, coordination, and control; Management Functions

Answer 5

henri fayol

Question 6

Expanded on Fayol’s management functions in his introduction of the “Seven Activities of Management” — planning, organizing, staffing, directing, coordinating, reporting, and budgeting

Answer 6

luther gulick

Question 7

Managers should have authority with, rather than over, employees

Answer 7

participative management

Question 8

One of the first theorists to suggest participative decision making or participative management

Answer 8

mary parker follet

Question 9

father of scientific management

Answer 9

frederick w. taylor

Question 10

Look at the relationship between light illumination in the factory and productivity

Answer 10

Elton Mayo and his Harvard associates

Question 11

indicated that people respond to the fact that they are being studied, attempting to increase whatever behavior

Answer 11

hawthorne effect

Question 12

Referred to as the observer effect; Individuals modify or improve an aspect of their behavior in response to their awareness of being observed

Answer 12

hawthorne effect

Question 13

posited that managerial attitudes about employees can be directly correlated with employee satisfaction

Answer 13

douglas mcgregor

Question 14

believe that their employees are basically lazy, need constant supervision and direction, and are indifferent to organizational needs

Answer 14

theory x managers

Question 15

believe that their workers enjoy their work, are self-motivated, and are willing to work hard to meet personal and organizational goals

Answer 15

theory y managers

Question 16

If self-esteem and independence needs are not met, employees will become discouraged and troublesome or may leave the organization

Answer 16

employee participation

Question 17

employee participation

Answer 17

chris argyris

Question 18

theorized that employee satisfaction has two dimensions: “hygiene” and motivation

Answer 18

frederick herzberg

Question 19

the two-factor theory or the dual-factor theory, the Herzberg theory states that certain elements within a workplace lead to job satisfaction, while others lead to dissatisfaction

Answer 19

herzberg’s motivation-hygiene theory

Question 20

theory x and y

Answer 20

douglas mcgregor