Management Roles Flashcards
The central concern of management is…
Achieving objectives
Getting the desired result
What are the 4 roles of management?
- Planning
- Organising
- Leading
- Controlling
Planning
- Planning is the process of deciding where a team, department or whole organisation should be heading and how it intends to get there.
- Planning by management produces strategies
- Involves the difficulty of forecasting variables
- Split into 3 levels of management: Top, Middle and Lower.
Top Management
- Responsible for long-term planning (Up to 5 years)
- Strategic planning
- Manages both resources and business opportunities to achieve long-term objectives
- Considers complex, interrelated and long range issues
Middle Management
- Responsible for medium-term planning (6 months - 1 year)
- Responsible for the implementation of the overall corporate plan
- Generally takes place at the departmental level
Lower Management
- Responsible for short-term planning (daily - weekly)
- General direction typically set by higher management
- Implemented by supervisors
What is the planning/decision-making model?
1: Setting Objectives
- where the organisation wants to go
- redefining or modifying existing objectives
2: Analysing the Present and Future
- SWOT Analysis
3: Developing and Evaluating Alternatives
- consideration of organisations direction
- formulation of a plan
- breaking down overall objectives into smaller targets
4: Implementation
- Top Management coordinates implementation of the plan
5: Monitoring and Reviewing
- Review assesses success/failure in the achievement of targets
(6): If plan fails then return to step 3 and re-evaluate
Describe SWOT Analysis
Strengths
- what is working well in the current situation
Weaknesses
- what is not working well in the current situation
(Internal: People, organisation, systems, product etc)
Opportunities
- potential change for success in the future
Threats
- potential forces that could prevent success
(External: Market, technology, economic climate, legislation etc)
New Style Planning
- Continually updated
- Shorter planning periods
- Less detailed planning
- Range of tools and techniques
- Short term measurable outcomes
What is organising?
-Organising is the coordination of an organisations human, physical and financial resources to get the result it wants
- i) Establishing the Structure
ii) Establishing staff
iii) Assigning responsibilities
iv) Delegating Authority
v) Communication (with other levels/departments)
Leadership
- In a workplace context, is the process of influencing workers so that they want to do their best to achieve organisational objectives
- This management role seeks to secure the commitment of staff to the organisations objectives
What are the differences between Managers from Leaders?
- A manager issues directives, whereas a leader, through demonstration of personal qualities
- Often achieves good results because others want to follow their lead
Characteristics of a good leader
Interpersonal Qualities of a good leader:
(The way leaders relate to their colleagues and other employees)
-Vision
-Inspirational qualities
-Trust
-Humility
Informational Qualities of a good leader:
(Leaders should have the knowledge required of a person in their role)
-Gathering relevant information
-Analysing and understanding implications of the information
-Communicating the information
Decision making qualities of a good leader:
- Do what is best for the organisation
- Choice of management style
- Leaders must make hard decisions
Why is leadership important?
-Good leaders can contribute in a positive way to improving the culture of a LSO to one in which relationships are strong and all employees have a willingness to achieve the aims
Essential Behaviour of modern leaders
- Know your people and your business
- Insist on Realism
- Set clear goals and objectives
- Follow through
- Reward the doers
- Expand capabilities through coaching
- Know yourself
