Management of special care patients presenting with periodontitis Flashcards
(29 cards)
What factors are involved in managing periodontal disease in older and special needs groups?
Medical and social factors, cognitive impairment, physical impairment
These factors significantly influence the care and management strategies.
What strategies can be described to manage periodontal disease in older and special needs groups?
Patient education, oral hygiene instruction, frequent scaling
These strategies are tailored to the individual needs of patients.
What are the national oral health improvement programmes for older and special needs patients?
Caring for Smiles, Open Wide, Mouth Matters, Smile4Life
These programmes target specific demographics with unique needs.
What are some examples of physical impairments that may affect oral care in older and special needs patients?
MS, arthritic conditions, stroke, cerebral palsy
These conditions can hinder the ability to perform daily oral care.
What cognitive impairments may affect older and special needs patients’ understanding of oral care?
Learning disability, acquired brain injury, dementia
These impairments can lead to a lack of understanding or ability to follow oral care instructions.
What is the Clinical Frailty Scale used for?
To assess the frailty of elderly patients
It helps determine their reliance on others for care needs.
How can poor oral health affect nutritional status in older patients?
Leads to poor diet and hydration levels, increasing the risk of decline and infections
Nutritional status is critical for overall health, especially in frail patients.
Name some medical conditions that can affect periodontal health.
Diabetes, cardiac disease, epilepsy, medications e.g. antiepilectics and other medicactions causing gigival hyperplasia
These conditions can complicate the management of periodontal disease.
What is gingival hyperplasia and what can induce it?
An overgrowth of gum tissue often induced by medications like antiepileptics
Phenytoin (antiepilectic) is a common drug that causes this condition.
What are the characteristics of gingival hyperplasia?
Tissues appear pink and firm, do not bleed easily
This can complicate plaque control and lead to inflammation.
What challenges do enteral (tube) fed patients face regarding oral health?
Reduced oral stimulus, changes in saliva, increased calculus build-up
These factors necessitate careful oral care management.
True or False: Those with additional needs are more likely to have advanced periodontal disease.
True
Advanced disease may present late with more missing than filled teeth.
What are some methods to improve plaque control in older and special needs patients?
Patient-specific education, adaptations in tools, use of chlorhexidine
These methods help tailor oral care to individual needs.
Fill in the blank: Oral diseases are _______.
preventable
Prevention is key in managing oral health.
What is the purpose of a Daily Oral Care Plan?
To empower the patient and maximize their skills and ability
A structured plan is crucial for effective oral health management.
What is a core component of the national preventive programmes?
Education
Education is essential for reducing health inequalities. pt specific, take photos and pictures.
the clinical fragility scale 1-9?
1: very fit
2: fit
3: managing well
4: living with very mild frailty
5: living with mild frailty
6: living with moderate frailty
7: living with severe frailty
9: terminally ill
effects on mobility, dexterity an dcogition on oral hygeine?
decrease plaque control
poor diet leading to nutritional status
social aspects to oral health
what are th effects of people with learning disabilities on oral health?
- Reduced cognition
- Reduced skills
- More reliance on others
- May have behavioural challenges
- Often have other health issues – epilepsy, physical impairment
- May need treatment under GA - less likely to accept routine scaling
What are the effects of Down’s sydpome on oral health?
- Dento-facial anomalies
- Open lip posture
- Mouth breathing
- Short/small roots and crowns
- Severe early onset periodontal disease
- Impairment in the immune-inflammatory response
causes of gingival hyperplasia?
- Antiepileptic drugs – phenytoin
- Calcium channel blockers - nefidipine
- Ciclosporin (anti-rejection agent used for organ transplant patients)
tx for gingival hyperplasia?
patient eductaion, OHI, scaling
- consult GP to discuss chnage in meds
- gingivectomy oly beneficiual in short term as a condition likely to recur if meds continue
effects of enteral (tube) fed pts and oral health?
- Lack of feeding by mouth leads to a reduction in oral stimulus and changes in the saliva constituents
- Calculus will build up more easily, can cover occlusal surfaces also
- Carer education
- Aspiration risk as airway is vulnerable
- Calculus can be removed by careful scaling while protecting the airway
- Little and often as calculus can be quite tenacious
why is plaque ocntrol poor in pts with additional needs?
physical impairment
cognitive impairment
