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Audiology > management of hearing loss > Flashcards

management of hearing loss Flashcards

1
Q

Hearing aids, cochlear implants, assistive devices

A

comprehensive management of hearing loss

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2
Q

Professional in charge of making appropriate recommendations

A

Audiologist

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3
Q

Evolution of electronic hearing aids

A

from analog to digital

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4
Q

Children must see an _ before being fitted for hearing aids

A

ENT

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5
Q

Adults can choose to _ instead of seeing ENT

A

sign a medical waiver

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6
Q

converts sound waves into numbers that are stored as binary digits like a computer; battery-powered

A

100% digital

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7
Q

advantages of digital hearing aids (2):

A

improved clarity, enhance signal/noise ratio better than analog

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8
Q

takes the acoustic signal and changes it to electrical signal

A

microphone

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9
Q

makes the sound louder

A

amplifier

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10
Q

changes the electrical signal back to acoustic signal and sends it back to patient’s ear

A

receiver

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11
Q

fitting range from mild to profound; recommended for children due to flexibility of fitting; becoming more cosmetically appealing than smaller ITE hearing aids; more options available

A

BTE, Behind-the-ear

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12
Q

fitting range from mild to moderately-severe; not recommended for children; more cosmetically appealing; more options than CIC

A

ITE, In-the-ear

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13
Q

fitting range from mild to moderate; patient needs good dexterity; limited options; less output and gain need due to deeper fit; less wind noise

A

CIC, Completely-in-the-ear

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14
Q

based on FM technology; populations: unilateral hearing loss (normal hearing and an unaidable ear)

A

CROS, contralateral routing of offside signals

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15
Q

for conductive hearing losses that prevent the use of conventional hearing aids; populations: atresia (closed EAC), chronic OM with draining

A

BC hearing aids

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16
Q

populations: atresia; chronic OM with draining, unilateral HL

A

Implantable BC devices a.k.a BAHA, bone-anchored hearing aids

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17
Q

for moderate and severe SNHL; reduces effects of occlusion (blockage); less feedback

A

middle ear implants

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18
Q

electroacoustics of hearing aids is measured using a _

A

hearing aid analyzer

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19
Q

maximum sound pressure level that the hearing aid can produce with the hearing aid full-on and with an input signal of 90dB

A

OSPL, Output Sound Pressure Level

20
Q

difference in decibels between the input and output signal with volume set to the user’s level using either a 50 or 60dB input

A

acoustic gain

21
Q

range of frequencies that the hearing aid amplifies; avg. is 200-10,000 Hz

A

frequency response

22
Q

daily checks of hearing aids accomplished by using the _

A

Ling Test and/or listening tube

23
Q

common hearing aid problems (3):

A

(1) no sound caused by dead battery, improper battery insertion, or earmold plugged with wax; (2) feedback caused by hole in earmold tubing, earmold fits too small, cerumen impaction, or improper earmold insertion; (3) intermittent sound caused by switches or battery contacts needing to be cleaned

24
Q

implanted in adults with profound SNHL in the early 80s; utilize up to 22 pairs of electrodes; population now includes children

A

CIs, cochlear implants

25
Q

Population for CIs is reserved for individuals who benefit minimally from conventional hearing aids, have severe to profound SNHL bilaterally, complete a trial use of conventional hearing aids for 3-6 months, are free of physical or psychological problems, and have been counseled regarding realistic expectations (no guarantee of outcome)

A

FCA criteria

26
Q

electrodes are inserted into the cochlea via the _

A

round window

27
Q

surgery takes about _ hrs

A

1.5

28
Q

hook-up of CI takes place _ wks after surgery

A

2

29
Q 
CI benefits (6):
aids in _ ability
hear speech at _ levels
hear _ signals
feel less _
improves _ well-being
hear over the _
A 
speechreading 
normal conversational
environment 
isolated
psychological 
telephone
30
Q

CI risks (3):
_ paralysis
_ infection
_

A

facial nerve
flap
meningitis

31
Q

primary goal of fitting for hearing aids

A

restore hearing to both ears if possible

32
Q

hearing aids amplify speech to which degrees (3):
to a _ level
across a broad range of _
to the level where _ are not uncomfortable

A

comfortable listening
frequencies
loud sounds

33
Q

advantages of _ amplification: speech is clearer in the presence of background noise; localization of sound is possible; ease in listening; less gain is needed when wearing 2 hearing aids

A

binaural

34
Q

software driven for adults

A

NAL, National Acoustics Lab

35
Q

software driven for children

A

DSL, Desired Sensation Level

36
Q

objective method of verifying benefit A.K.A real ear measurements

A

probe microphone measurements

37
Q

non-objective method of verifying benefit using aided SRT, WRS, warbled tones, MCL, UCL

A

functional gain measures

38
Q

goals and outcome measures

A

self-assessment questionnaire

39
Q

COSI

A

Client Oriented Scale of Improvement- used to establish goals for hearing aid use

40
Q

disadvantages of hearing aids:
amplifies _ noise
affects _ intelligibility
decreases _ ratio
increase in distance between speaker and listener results in decrease of _
ideal distance between speaker and listener is _
_interferes with speech intelligibility

A 
background
speech
signal/noise
the intensity of the speech signal
3-6 ft
reverberation
41
Q

designed to overcome adverse listening conditions such as background noise, distance from speaker, as well as reverberation

A

FM, frequency modulated radio frequency, systems

42
Q

types of FM systems

A

personal and soundfield

43
Q

speaker wears a microphone and the listener wears a receiver; based on FM, wireless, runs on rechargeable batteries; improves S/N ratio 10-30dB; distance varies between 50-150 ft

A

personal FM system

44
Q

speaker wears a microphone; 2 or more strategically placed speakers in the room; S/N ratio is improved about 10-20dB

A

soundfield FM system

45
Q

FM population:
children with _ to_ SNHL bilaterally
children with fluctuating _ HL due to OM
children with _ HL

A

mild, profound
conductive
unilateral

46
Q

utilizes a light carrier frequency; not based on FM technology; wireless; listener utilizes a headset that receives signal from transmitter; home and theater use; relatively $140

A

infrared devices

47
Q 
additional assistive devices include:
_ talker
_ devices (smoke alarms, louder door bells, flashing alarm clocks)
amplified _
TDD, _
_ on television
A

pocket
signal
telecommunication device for deaf
telecaptioning

Audiology (5 decks)

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