Management of dehydration

Question 1

What type of fluid is typically prescribed

Answer 1

NaCl 0.9% + Dextrose 5% + KCl 10mmol 500ml

Question 2

What bag sizes are fluids prescribed in

Answer 2

500ml

Question 3

What is needed to prescribe fluids

Answer 3

1. The fluid constituents and bag size e.g.
   NaCl 0.9% + Dextrose 5% + KCl 10mmol (500mL)
2. The rate of administration, in mL/hr to achieve the desired 24-hourly fluid requirement
3. The signature of the prescriber

Question 4

How do you estimate weight

Answer 4

(age+4) x2

Question 5

what are the values of weight and fluid requirements needed for maintenance fluids

Answer 5

0-10kg = 100ml/kg
10 - 20 kg = 50ml/kg
above 20 kg = 20ml/kg

Question 6

How do you calculate fluid deficit

Answer 6

Fluid deficit (ml) = % dehydration x weight (kg) x 10

Question 7

Ella is a 5-year-old girl admitted with gastroenteritis for the past 24 hours. She is not shocked. She is unable to tolerate enteral fluids and needs intravenous fluids.
Clinically she is 5% dehydrated.
Please calculate her fluid requirement for 24 hours and the hourly infusion rate. She weighs 19kg.

Answer 7

100ml/hour

Question 8

what makes up a fluid bolus

Answer 8

NaCl 0.9% at 20ml/kg
UNLESS
-DKA
-trauma
-primary cardiac pathology
then it would be 10 ml/kg bolus

Question 9

What fluids are used in neonates

Answer 9

10% dextrose
From day 2 onwards, electrolyte support is provided –
addition of sodium (3mmol/kg/day) and potassium (2mmol/kg/day).

Question 10

How do fluid requirements change in a neonate in the first 5 days of life

Answer 10

1st - 50-60ml/kg
2nd - 70-80ml/kg**
3rd - 80 - 100ml/kg
4th - 100-120 ml/kg
5th - 120 - 150ml/kg

Question 11

Calculate the hourly maintenance fluid rate for a child who weighs 25kg

Answer 11

67mL/hr

Question 12

Calculate the hourly maintenance fluid rate for a child who weighs 14kg

Answer 12

50ml/hour