Management and Conservation

Question 1

What are the 5 arguments for preserving species and habitats and a description?

Answer 1

-Ecological- protecting biodiversity and complex relationships of the environment
-Economic- The resource produces money (fishing, tourism)
-Aesthetic- visually pleasing (tourism)
-Ethical (aboriginal communities, ethics)
-Social- recreation (snorkelling)

Question 2

What are direct versus indirect values?

Answer 2

Direct values are when there are uses direct from the resource such as fishing, oil and gas maining.
Indirect values come indirectly from the resource like boats paying for fuel, social and ecosystem services.

Question 3

What are (with description) the citeria used to design MPAs?

Answer 3

-Site selection- must be representative and connected
-Networking and connectivity- considers coverage, replication, size and spacing of PA (covers multiple biomes but also affects outside of PA)
-Replication- A habitat should be replicated in at least 3 PA throughout a region
-Spacing- habitats should be 10s to 100s km apart for connectivity
-Size- should be at least 2x the size of the home range of focal species
-Coverage- at least 20% of waters should be protected

Question 4

What are the management strategies used to support marine ecosystems?

Answer 4

-Managing threats
-Zoning
-Permits
-Plans
-Longitudinal Monitoring

Question 5

How successful was the Moreton Bay MPA?

Answer 5

Very successful as indicateds by the humpack whale population which were marked aas vulnerable prior to the implementation of the MPA but are now around 30’000.

Question 6

Differences between GOs and NGOs

Answer 6

Speed- Gos are slow, NGOs are fast
Diplomatic constraints- Gos are high, NGOs are low
Political influence- Gos are High, NGOs are low but social media reach is high
Enforceability- Gos are high, NGOs are none