Management and Administration Flashcards
NOTES- Menningitis vaccination is required for pilgrims going to the Hajj.
WHO declared polio to be a Public Health Emergency of International Concern (PHEIC).
NOTES- IHR, Sanitary Airport. The WHO defitions
- must have organized medical service
- facilities to transport, isolate, and care for infected persons
- efficient dissinfection and dissinsection
- bacteriology lab or facilities
- vaccination facilities for yellow fever
in 2005, modified to include ports and ground crossing, not just airports.
Notes- Pyrethrins derived from Chrysanthemum flower
Pyrethroids are synthetics analogs.
D- phenothrin used in “blocks away” disinsection
Airport malaria. 87 cases in Paris around airport.
Runway malaria- passengers become infected if the plane makes an intermediate stop in an area is endemic.
NOTES- ICAO also under United Nations.
“Chicago convention” established the ICAO. Its predecessor ceased when the Nazi’s invaded Paris.
SARPS- Standards and Recommended Practices.
SARPS are considered binding. For example there is a SARP on vertical separation of aircraft etc.
ICAO publishes 12 annexes called the Convention on International Civil Aviation (Annex 1 is medical)
For purposes of infectious disease, worry about passengers in same row as infected individual and +/- 2 rows of ill passenger. In jumbo jets, may generalize this to 6’ radius. If flight attendent is the index case, all passengers are considered contacts.
CFR part 382, Americans with Disabilities Act portion of FAA guidelines. Spells out for airlines whether they can prevent or deny boarding. Communicable diseases able, all others no.
NOTES-
Mother and infant MUST be individual for vaccine records.
Must be signed by the physician.
NOTES- NTSB has a judge, so they act as the “Court of Appeals” for aviators denied certification by the FAA who wish to appeal. NTSB investigates all air accidents and are lead agents, unless there is a crime, then FBI leads. NTSB is completely autonomous. The FAA has a role on the human factors, but NTSB leads in general aviation accidents.
Air crew sleep. Part 121 states the pilots must have 8 hours of uninterrupted sleep.
When operating an unpressurized aircraft, supplemental oxygen by mask may be necessary to prevent hypoxia in flight crew and passengers. According to FAR’s above what altitude is supplemental oxygen required to be provided for EACH occupant of the aircraft.
Trick question. The cockpit crew are required to be on supplemental oxygen if they are between 12,500 and 14,000 for 30 mins. If they are sustained above 14,000 they must be on oxygen. The passengers however, must be provided with oxygen at 15,000 feet.
NOTES: aircraft cabin has ozone catalytic converters reducing ozone to 0.1 ppm to 0.25 ppm (peak).
HEPA filters are 94-98% efficient up to 5 microns.
50/50 mix of fresh and recirculated air
20-30 cabin exchanges per hour
Cabin air flows LATERALLY, not Longitudinally.
New Boeing Dreamliner pressurizes to 6,000 feet instead of 8,000 feet.
Oxygen use by passengers- allows provision of oxygen by airlines. Does not allow passengers to carry their own bottled or liquid O2 equipment on board, but permits O2 concentrators.
Notes- In-flight emergency
Vasovagal most common. Cardiac 9.6%. 1/58,000 passengers have medical incident. I in 3 million deaths of passengers in flight. Deaths are primarily cardiac.
85% of flights had a medical volunteer/MD to respond. AED’s on board.
Notes- Under the United Nations there are two organizations you need to know about. ICAO and WHO.
WHO publishes International Health Regulations designed to control spread of cholera, plague, and yellow fever. In 2007, they include generic ID risk and bioterrorism risk and abolished specific cholera, plague, and yellow fever reporting.
IHR are legally binding, but the states have the right to reject rules with notice to the member states.
