Disaster Medicine Flashcards
Local fallout is defined as that radioactive material which is deposited on the earth’s surface within 24 hours after detonation. Depending on many factors, the local fallout pattern can extend far beyond the area immediately affected by a nuclear detonation. This local fallout is worsened (intensified) as a result of:
a) a high altitude detonation, strong jet stream winds, thick cloud cover.
b) an air-burst (under 1,000 feet fireball does not touch the ground) moderately strong surface winds, absent cloud cover.
c) a surface burst (fireball above and touch earth’s surface) mild surface winds, heavy cloud cover with rain or snow.
d) a surface burst, mild surface winds, absent cloud cover.
c) A surface burst introduces much more inert material from the Earth’s surface into the fireball. Cloud cover prevents uptake in the high atmosphere and precipitation falling through the radioactive cloud considerably worsens the fallout intensity in the local area.
Pick the correct statement:
a) A disaster is easily defined as natural or man made incident which generates more than 50 victims
b) Multiple patient incidents involve 15 or more victims and generally span 24 hours at the scene of the incident.
c) Multiple casualty incidents involve up to 50 victims and last more than 24 hours
d) A disaster produces casualties in numbers and rapidity sufficient to overwhelm community function.
d) A disaster produces casualties in numbers and rapidity sufficient to overwhelm community function. Multiple patient incident supposedly is less than 10 patients and multiple casualty incident is up to 50 victims.
Which of the following is not of Auf der Heides Principles of Disaster Response.
a) People will usually panic and leave a disaster area with little encouragement
b) Base disease plans on what people are likely to do rather than when they should do
c) The process of planning is more important than the document that results
d) Because of limited resources available, disaster preparedness need to take cost effectiveness into consideration.
A) Actually, people will usually not panic and will need to be encouraged to leave a disaster area.
Pick the incorrect statement:
A) A certified airport must have only one review of the emergency plan with the involved parties every 3 years
b) JCAHO requires hospitals to test their hospital plan twice a year.
c) Most disaster plans use the Incident Command System as a pattern for command and control.
d) Emergency Medical Services are usually under the control of the Chief of Operations in the ICS system
A) is incorrect. A certified airport must have a full scale disaster drill every three years and must review the emergency plan with all involved parties annually.
Medical planning at large airports to deal with major disasters requires:
a) a command post for the triage/treatment center
b) a temporary roadside church for use by victims and their survivors
c) a large helicopter for transporting victims to hospitals
d) an underground series of tunnels for use if severe weather is present
e) appointment of one regional undertaker to handle all the fatalities
a) A command post for the triage and treatment center
To insure command and control of a disaster situation, an important planning measure which is frequently overlooked is the:
a) standard pole stretchers
b) clamshell, breakaway, or tube and sling stretchers
c) provision for a system of runners to substitute for a failure in communications
d) provision for a mobile command post with sufficient communications
c) Provisions for a system of runners in case communications fail.
In planning for an airport disaster, adequate litter supplies must be provided for all phases of treatment/evacuation of casualties. What litter is/are suitable for the rescue of injured survivors from the interior of an aircraft in the absence of fire or threat of an explosion?
a) standard pole stretchers
b) clamshell, breakaway, or tube and sling stretchers
c) plywood backboards
d) a and b
e) b and c
e) b and c offer immobilization, a pole stretcher is not rigid enough.
In the case of a large airliner crashing at a busy airport, experience has shown that which of the following aspects of medical response is most vitally important?
a) Evacuation means, involving both ground transportation and air (helicopter) evacuation to support medical centers.
b) Medical support from surrounding hospitals
c) Well-trained triage teams
d) Well established and tested disaster communications systems
e) Adequate morgue facilities for the expected (or potential) several hundred casualties.
c) Well trained triage teams is the most important.
