Management

Question 1

what is management?

Answer 1

• process undertaken by one or more individuals to coordinate activities of others to achieve results not achievable by one individual acting alone–> team and coordination
• managers make employees productive and inspires them

Question 2

basic tasks of managements

Answer 2

marketing and innovation

Question 3

attila’s principles of managing and leading

Answer 3

• leaders have wisdom, sincerity, authority and courage
• leaders need to have trust and respect of followers
• listen to your people
• encourage freedom of action and innovation
• provide direction
• never reward for doing less than what is expected
• small rewards for light tasks
• honour all commitments

Question 4

tasks of managers

Answer 4

1. organizes
2. develops people
3. motivates and communicates
4. measures
5. sets objectives

Question 5

1. organizes

Answer 5

managers divides the work into manageable activities and selects people for this

Question 6

2. develops people

Answer 6

managers need to develop people as they are the company’s most important asset

Question 7

3. motivates and communicates

Answer 7

managers create a team out of his people through decisions on: pay, placement, promotion and communications.

Question 8

4. measures

Answer 8

managers establish appropriate targets and analyze its performance

Question 9

5. sets objectives

Answer 9

managers sets goals for the group

Question 10

approaches to management

Answer 10

• classical approach
• behavioral approach
• management science approach
• the system approach
• contigency approach

Question 11

classical approach

Answer 11

• coordinating group effort towards group goals
• management of work and organizations
• functions of management–> planning, organizing and controlling

Question 12

planning

Answer 12

set objectives and make plans to achieve them

Question 13

organizing

Answer 13

designs and develop and organization able to achieve the goals

Question 14

controlling

Answer 14

make sure the actual performance of the organization conforms to the performance planned for the organization

Question 15

theories to classical approach of management

Answer 15

taylor–> scientific management
henri fayol–> administrative theory
max webber–> bureaucratic management

Question 16

taylors 4 principles of scientific management

Answer 16

1. develop a science for each element
2. scientifically select and then train, teach and develop worker
3. cooperate with workers to ensure that all work is done in accordance with the principles of science
4. divide work and responsibility nearly equally between management and workers
   * always remember the assembly line and during the IR it started–> maximize productivity

Question 17

henri fayol the administrative theory

Answer 17

1. division of work
2. authority
3. discipline
4. unity of command

Question 18

max weber bureaucratic management

Answer 18

1. clearly defined job roles
2. a hierarchy of authority
3. standardized procedures
4. hiring employees only if they meet the specific qualifications for a job
5. meticulous record-keeping.

Question 19

the behavioural approach–> managing people

Answer 19

1. uses concepts of psychology, sociology, anthropology and other behavioural sciences to assist managers in understanding human behaviour in the work environment
2. focuses on the interrelationship between people, work and organizations
3. concentrates on topics as motivation, communication, leadership and workgroup formation.

Question 20

Hawthorne experiments

Answer 20

human relations and the social needs of workers are crucial aspects of business management

Question 21

Maslow pyramid

Answer 21

the more we achieve in life the more our needs will change:

1. physiological; breathe, water, food, sleep
2. safety; employment, resources, health
3. love/belonging; family, friendship
4. esteem; confidence, achievement
5. self-actualization; morality, creativity

Question 22

the management science approach: managing production and operations

Answer 22

• use of mathematics and statistics as aids in managing production and operations
• solve technical problems
• use of computers
• operations: organizations successfully turns inputs to outputs in an efficient manner

Question 23

the systems approach–> input, transformation process and output theory

Answer 23

• unify prior schools of thought
• organizations are viewed as total systems; groups are interrelated
• one actions will influence other parts
• different sub-systems in an organization

Question 24

a system is defined as..

Answer 24

a number of interdependent parts functioning as a whole for some purpose

Question 25

synergy means…

Answer 25

that the whole is greater than sum of its parts. it is important for managers because it reinforce the need to work together in a cooperative fashion

Question 26

five components in a system:

Answer 26

• inputs
• a transformation process
• outputs
• feedback
• environment

Question 27

closed system are…

Answer 27

not influenced by and do not interact with their environments

Question 28

open systems…

Answer 28

interact with their environment–> all organizations are open system

Question 29

entropy is…

Answer 29

a universal property of systems and refers to their tendency to run down and die –> collapsment

Question 30

contingency approach

Answer 30

• change your way of managing depending on the situation–> one size does not fit all
• find different ways to fit different situations
• a very good method will not always work in other situations