Management Flashcards
what is management?
- process undertaken by one or more individuals to coordinate activities of others to achieve results not achievable by one individual acting alone–> team and coordination
- managers make employees productive and inspires them
basic tasks of managements
marketing and innovation
attila’s principles of managing and leading
- leaders have wisdom, sincerity, authority and courage
- leaders need to have trust and respect of followers
- listen to your people
- encourage freedom of action and innovation
- provide direction
- never reward for doing less than what is expected
- small rewards for light tasks
- honour all commitments
tasks of managers
- organizes
- develops people
- motivates and communicates
- measures
- sets objectives
- organizes
managers divides the work into manageable activities and selects people for this
- develops people
managers need to develop people as they are the company’s most important asset
- motivates and communicates
managers create a team out of his people through decisions on: pay, placement, promotion and communications.
- measures
managers establish appropriate targets and analyze its performance
- sets objectives
managers sets goals for the group
approaches to management
- classical approach
- behavioral approach
- management science approach
- the system approach
- contigency approach
classical approach
- coordinating group effort towards group goals
- management of work and organizations
- functions of management–> planning, organizing and controlling
planning
set objectives and make plans to achieve them
organizing
designs and develop and organization able to achieve the goals
controlling
make sure the actual performance of the organization conforms to the performance planned for the organization
theories to classical approach of management
taylor–> scientific management
henri fayol–> administrative theory
max webber–> bureaucratic management
taylors 4 principles of scientific management
- develop a science for each element
- scientifically select and then train, teach and develop worker
- cooperate with workers to ensure that all work is done in accordance with the principles of science
- divide work and responsibility nearly equally between management and workers
* always remember the assembly line and during the IR it started–> maximize productivity
henri fayol the administrative theory
- division of work
- authority
- discipline
- unity of command
max weber bureaucratic management
- clearly defined job roles
- a hierarchy of authority
- standardized procedures
- hiring employees only if they meet the specific qualifications for a job
- meticulous record-keeping.
the behavioural approach–> managing people
- uses concepts of psychology, sociology, anthropology and other behavioural sciences to assist managers in understanding human behaviour in the work environment
- focuses on the interrelationship between people, work and organizations
- concentrates on topics as motivation, communication, leadership and workgroup formation.
Hawthorne experiments
human relations and the social needs of workers are crucial aspects of business management
Maslow pyramid
the more we achieve in life the more our needs will change:
- physiological; breathe, water, food, sleep
- safety; employment, resources, health
- love/belonging; family, friendship
- esteem; confidence, achievement
- self-actualization; morality, creativity
the management science approach: managing production and operations
- use of mathematics and statistics as aids in managing production and operations
- solve technical problems
- use of computers
- operations: organizations successfully turns inputs to outputs in an efficient manner
the systems approach–> input, transformation process and output theory
- unify prior schools of thought
- organizations are viewed as total systems; groups are interrelated
- one actions will influence other parts
- different sub-systems in an organization
a system is defined as..
a number of interdependent parts functioning as a whole for some purpose
synergy means…
that the whole is greater than sum of its parts. it is important for managers because it reinforce the need to work together in a cooperative fashion
five components in a system:
- inputs
- a transformation process
- outputs
- feedback
- environment
closed system are…
not influenced by and do not interact with their environments
open systems…
interact with their environment–> all organizations are open system
entropy is…
a universal property of systems and refers to their tendency to run down and die –> collapsment
contingency approach
- change your way of managing depending on the situation–> one size does not fit all
- find different ways to fit different situations
- a very good method will not always work in other situations
