Mammals -- Animal Habitats Flashcards
Mammals evolved from:
a. therapsid reptiles during the Mesozoic era ~ 250 million years ago.
b. marsupial mice during the Triassic epoch.
c. reptilian mammals during the Cretaceous
d. protheria during the Mesozoic era.
a. therapsid reptiles during the Mesozoic era ~ 250 million years ago.
The canines of a puma are mostly used in:
a. shearing flesh
b. predator defense
c. cracking bones
d. killing prey
d. killing prey
Which group of mammals is generally the fastest?
a. Unguligrade mammal
b. Digitigrade mammal
c. Plantigrade mammal
d. all are equally as fast
a. Unguligrade mammal
If a kangaroo rat in an arid enviornment were offered a choice of seeds, it would most likely select a:
a. fatty seed
b. high protein seed
c. high carbohydrate seed
d. high potassium seed
c. high carbohydrate seed
The most common stagegy for a mmam to use in dealing with high environmental temperatures in the desert is:
a. carotid rete
b. ear radiator
c. avoidance
d. urohydrosis
c. avoidance
In June, desert kit fox probably gets most of its water from:
a. ground squirrels and lagomorphs
b. damp soil
c. rain
d. succulent grasses
a. ground squirrels and lagomorphs
The ecological relationship between a mountain lion and a white-tailed deer can best be described as;
a. adversary
b. parasitic
c. predator/prey
d. hide and seek
c. predator/prey
The Mexican oak-pine woodland is:
a. most of the land south of the Gila river
b. confined primarily to Mexico
c. a biological community
d. an assemblage of plants
c. a biological community
A kangaroo rat can survive on water metabolized from what?
a. prickly pear fruit
b. grass seeds
c. dung
d. nasal cooling
b. grass seeds
Hair is a unique feature of mammals.
True or False
True
Mammary glands are found in all living mammals, but only a few reptiles.
True or False
False
Kit foxes use their den year round.
True or False
True
Coatis have a matriarchal social system
True or False
True
Javelina are swine.
True or False
False
Coyotes have an omnivorous diet.
True or False
True
Jaguars are found in Arizona.
True or False
True
Coati, in southern Arizona are found in riparian habitats.
True or False
True
The purpose of a multi-chambered stomach in most ungulates is to allow the animal to digest grass.
True or False
True
Check the true statement(s) regarding ruminants.
___ Four-chambered stomach that can digest grass
___ Coughs cud up into its mouth and thoroughly chews it.
___ Slightly chewed grass enters the rumen
___ The reticulum turns material into cuds or small balls
_X__ Four-chambered stomach that can digest grass
_X__ Coughs cud up into its mouth and thoroughly chews it.
_X__ Slightly chewed grass enters the rumen
_X__ The reticulum turns material into cuds or small balls
Check the way(s) a mammal may increase its rate of heat loss to the environment.
___ Fur
___ Panting
___ Radiators
___ Behavior
_X__ Fur
_X__ Panting
_X__ Radiators
_X__ Behavior
Check the true statement(s) about coatis.
___ Their long tail is used for balance in climbing
___ Are a nocturnal omnivore
___ Have a keen sense of smell
___ Are found primarily in scrub oak woodland or near a water course.
___ Are recent invader of riparian habitats around Tucson
_X__ Their long tail is used for balance in climbing
___ Are a nocturnal omnivore
_X__ Have a keen sense of smell
_X__ Are found primarily in scrub oak woodland or near a water course.
_X__ Are recent invader of riparian habitats around Tucson
Check the correct characteristic(s) of most modern mammals.
___ Body hair
___ Cold-blooded (ectothermic)
___ Mamary glands
___ Oviparous (lays eggs)
___ Three middle ear bones
___ Sweat glands for cooling
___ Oil glands for maintenance of fur and hair
___ Four-chambered heart for more efficient circulation (bird also)
___ Brain to body-size ratio greater than any other group of animals
_X__ Body hair
___ Cold-blooded (ectothermic)
_X__ Mamary glands
___ Oviparous (lays eggs)
_X__ Three middle ear bones
_X__ Sweat glands for cooling
_X__ Oil glands for maintenance of fur and hair
_X__ Four-chambered heart for more efficient circulation (bird also)
__X_ Brain to body-size ratio greater than any other group of animals
Check the correct adaptations that bighorn sheep have . Orvis Canadensis mexicana. Inhabit some of the driest mountian ranges in Arizona and have adapted to life in these arid environments.
___ During winter months when dew is available and plants contain more moisture, the sheep can last for several months without drinking free water.
___ In the summer they seek out barrel cactus, chain fruit cholla fruits for their water content.
___ Avoid the sun by resting in the shade or in caves.
___ Can withstand body temperatures of up to 130 degrees F.
___ They can drink up to 50% of their body weight in just a few minutes at a water hole.
___ Diurnal feeder, it grazes and browses on grasses, herbs and woody vegetation.
___ Powerful kidneys greatly reduce water loss during excretion of nitrogenous waste.
_X__ During winter months when dew is available and plants contain more moisture, the sheep can last for several months without drinking free water.
_X__ In the summer they seek out barrel cactus, chain fruit cholla fruits for their water content.
_X__ Avoid the sun by resting in the shade or in caves.
___ Can withstand body temperatures of up to 130 degrees F.
___ They can drink up to 50% of their body weight in just a few minutes at a water hole.
_X__ Diurnal feeder, it grazes and browses on grasses, herbs and woody vegetation.
_X__ Powerful kidneys greatly reduce water loss during excretion of nitrogenous waste.
Match the term on the left with the best phrase on the right.
___ Omnivore a. Eats grass seeds
___ Herbivore b. Eats the flesh of others
___ Fructivore c. Eats fruit
___ Granivore d. Eats dead animals
___ Carnivore e. Eats plants and animals
___ Insectivore f. Eats plants
___ Scavenger g. Eats insects
___ Omnivore (e. Eats plants and animals)
___ Herbivore (f. Eats plants)
___ Fructivore (c. Eats fruit)
___ Granivore (a. Eats grass seeds)
___ Carnivore (b. Eats the flesh of others)
___ Insectivore (g. Eats insects)
___ Scavener (d. Eats dead animals)
(Match the descriptive phrase to the mammal order.)
Consists of the even-toed hooved animals, both ruminant and non-ruminant.
Artiodactyla
(Match the descriptive phrase to the mammal order.)
Members of this group are chiefly meat-eaters.
Carnivora
(Match the descriptive phrase to the mammal order.)
These mammals are entirely aquatic, but evolved from terrestrial ancestors.
Cetacea
(Match the descriptive phrase to the mammal order.)
Semi-aquatic carnivores, evolved from terrstrial bear-like precursors.
Pinnipedia
(Match the descriptive phrase to the mammal order.)
Most have opposable thumbs, five digits on each limb, plantigrade locomotion.
Primates
(Match the descriptive phrase to the mammal order.)
Pouched mammals.
Marsupialia
(Match the descriptive phrase to the mammal order.)
The name comes from Latin ‘rodere’, which means ‘to gnaw’.
Rodentia
(Match the descriptive phrase to the mammal order.)
Has two pairs of upper incisors. Their hind limbs are elongated.
Lagomorpha
(Match the descriptive phrase to the mammal order.)
The only mammals capable of true flight.
Chiroptera
(Match the descriptive phrase to the mammal order.)
This order is herbivorous, hoved and ‘odd-toed ungulates’.
Perissodactyla
Match the animal with eating habits.
Omnivore
Herbivore
Carnivore
Mountain lion, Coyote, Bobcat, White-tailed deer
Omnivore (Coyote)
Herbivore (White-tailed deer)
Carnivore (Mountain lion, Bobcat)
Match the shape and number of toes/feet to the correct animal.
Bighorn sheep
Mountain lion
Black bear
a. Plantigrade, walks on entire sole of feet that helps with balance.
b. Digitigrade, curved retractable claws.
c. Outer edge of hoof is hard and enables to stand on the tiniest projection. Sole is soft and rubber-like; helps them cling to smooth surfaces and cushions impact. Walks on hooves. Artiodactyla; even-toed, hoved.
Bighorn sheep c. Outer edge of hoof is hard and enables to stand on the tiniest projection. Sole is soft and rubber-like; helps them cling to smooth surfaces and cushions impact. Walks on hooves. Artiodactyla; even-toed, hoved.
Mountain lion b. Digitigrade, curved retractable claws.
Black bear a. Plantigrade, walks on entire sole of feet that helps with balance.
Horn or Antler
Consists mainly of keratin.
Horn
Horn or Antler
Not a living senstitive tissue.
Horn
Horn or Antler
Living tissue that resembles true bones of the body.
Antler
Horn or Antler
Has no nerves or blood supply, so it is insensitive to pain and does not bleed when cut.
Horn
Horn or Antler
Grows slowly and throughout the life of the animal.
Horn
Horn or Antler
Its source in an epidermal layer surrounding a bony core (os curnu) at the base of the frontal bone.
Horn
Horn or Antler
Covered with a hairy skin called velvet, which has a rich supply of blood vessels and nerves.
Antler
Horn or Antler
Becomes ossified, the velvet is shed and the bare tines of bone are exposed.
Antler
Horn or Antler
End of the mating season it is shed; will grow a new set.
Antler
Horn or Antler
Familes that possess these include cattle, goats, sheep and true antelopes.
Horn
Horn or Antler
Deer family generally only males possess these; the caribou (reindeer) has these in both sexes.
Antler
Horn or Antler
If it is cut off, it is not regenerated.
Horn
Horn or Antler
Is a deciduous organ that is cast off and renewed annually life the leaves of a tree.
Antler
