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Biology 122 > Mammalian Tissues > Flashcards

Mammalian Tissues Flashcards

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1
Q

Epithelial

A

Covers all internal and external body surfaces. Ie skin epidermis, lining of digestive tract, respiratory, blood vessels, urogenital tract.

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2
Q

Connective tissue

A

Provide support and structure to body. Bone, blood, loose connective tissue (soft).

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3
Q

Muscular tissue

A

Contain contractile proteins; responsible for motility. Filled with actin and myosin. Cardiac muscles, skeletal muscles, smooth muscles.

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4
Q

Nervous Tissues

A

Rapid communication from one body region to another. Electrical impulse. Long structure - axon.

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5
Q

Peritoneum

A

The serous membrane lining the cavity of the abdomen and covering the abdominal organs. Epithelial tissue.

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6
Q

*Basement Membrane

A

Extracellular layer of fibrous material binding cells and epithelial cells.

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7
Q

Simple Epithelium

A

Single layer of epithelial cells.

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8
Q

Stratified Epithelium

A

Several epithelial cell layers.

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9
Q

Simple Columnar Epithelium

A

Long and tall cells.

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10
Q

Squamous Epithelium

A

Epithelium cells that are flattened. (lung)

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11
Q

Cuboidal Epithelium

A

Cells are a cubic shape. (urine)

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12
Q

Transitional Epithelial

A

Goes from one type of cell to another. (Epidermis of skin)

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13
Q

Gland

A

(Epithelial) Glands produce materials for use outside the cell (saliva)

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14
Q

Exocrine glands

A

DUCTS: Passage ways produced —-> used (sweat, salivary, pancreas, liver) Epithelial tissue.

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15
Q

Endocrine Glands

A

DUCTLESS- produce hormones and dump into circulatory system. (Adrenal glands, ovaries) Epithelial or nervous tissue.

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16
Q

Exocrine Gland Classification

A

Unicellular, simple multicellular, compound multicellular (branched in pancreas/liver ect.) Epithelial cells.

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17
Q

Lumen

A

Open space of the stomach.

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18
Q

Mucosas

A

Epithelia cells that produce mucus made of proteins and polysaccharides. Has brush border of microvilli (external up and down for large SA.)

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19
Q

Connective Tissue

A

Composed of isolated cells surrounded by a matrix.

20
Q

Matrix

A

Connective tissue composed of fiber and ground substance (jelly like).

21
Q

Connective Tissue Classifications

A

Proper (loose connective tissue or dense connective tissue.)

22
Q

Loose Connective Tissue

A

Matrix is scattered fibers embedded in jelly like substance. Found in soft parts of the body (dermis, fatty tissue, internal organs). Has variety of cells- Structural (fibroblast) defensive (macrophages, leucocytes, mast cells) Sequestering (erythrocytes (red blood cell), adipose cell (fat cell) )

23
Q

Leucocytes

A

White blood cells that make antibodies.

24
Q

Mast Cells

A

Have granules with histamines for trauma affecting tissue. (bug bite)

25
Q

Erythrocytes

A

Loose connective tissue. Sequestering red blood cell.

26
Q

Collagen

A

Loose connective tissue, cartilage . Tough fiber, found in skin. (Pinch, rebound)

27
Q

Adipose Cell

A

Loose connective tissue thats a fatty cell.

28
Q

Elastin

A

Loose connective tissue with flexible fibers, found in blood vessels. (arteries expanding and contracting).

29
Q

Reticulin

A

Loose connective tissue that forms supportive frarework.

30
Q

Dense connective Tissue

A

Fibers are collagenous and densely packed.

31
Q

Ligament

A

Dense connective Tissue that connects bone to bone.

32
Q

Tendon

A

Dense connective Tissue that connects muscle to bone.

33
Q

Irregular Connective tissue

A

Dense connective tissue that covers various internal organs (kidneys and heart) for strength, muscle, and nerves.

34
Q

Special Connective Tissue

A

Muscle, Cartilage, Blood.

35
Q

Bone

A

Spongy or compact special connective tissue. BONE IS A LIVING TISSUE.

36
Q

Osteocytes

A

Individual cells that live within spaces (lacunae) in the bone separated by salts.

37
Q

Osteon

A

Rings of osteocytes within lacunae. Spindle shaped elongated structure and broad in the middle tapered at both ends.

38
Q

Haversian Canal

A

Center of osteon, containing blood vessels and nerves.

39
Q

Cartilage

A

Consists of chondrocytes in lacunae. Matrix is glycoprotein and collagen. Rubbery material. (Nostril, ear, pinnae of ears, ends of long bones). In development skeleton is originally cartilage.

40
Q

Blood

A

Special Connective tissue some are erythrocytes some leucocytes, platelets in blood.

41
Q

Sarcoplasmic Reticulum

A

In muscle tissue which releases and absorb calcium during contraction and during relaxation.

42
Q

Skeletal muscle

A

Striated (striped due to banding of actin myosin) made of several fibrous cells that are fused with multinucleate . Attached to bone. For motility under voluntary control.

43
Q

Smooth Muscle

A

Uninucleate non banded in digestive, blood vessels, skin, iris that has non voluntary control.

44
Q

Cardiac Muscle

A

Banded uninucleated branched cells found in the heart which connect via gap junctions with electric impulses not under voluntary control.

45
Q

Intercalated Disks

A

Intercalated discs are microscopic identifying features of cardiac muscle. Cardiac muscle consists of individual heart muscle cells (cardiomyocytes) connected by intercalated discs Via gap junction to work as a single functional organ or syncytium.

46
Q

Nerve Tissue

A

-electrical impulses
-neurons and neuralgia
Dendrite—>soma—>axon
-myelin sheath + node of Ranvier = increased rate via jumps

47
Q

Saltatory motion

A

An electric impulse jumping due to nodes on ranvier and the myelin sheath.

Biology 122 (5 decks)

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