Mammal/Human Flashcards
What is the primary function of the diaphragm?
The diaphragm aids in gas exchange by contracting and relaxing to facilitate breathing.
What are the main organs involved in gas exchange in mammals?
The main organs are the lungs.
What is the role of the trachea?
The trachea is the airway that connects the throat to the lungs.
What are bronchi?
Bronchi are the large air passages that branch from the trachea into the lungs.
Why is a large surface area important in the respiratory system?
A large surface area allows for more efficient gas exchange.
What are bronchioles?
Bronchioles are smaller branches of the bronchi that lead to the alveoli.
What are alveoli?
Alveoli are tiny air sacs in the lungs where gas exchange occurs.
What is the function of haemoglobin?
Haemoglobin carries oxygen in the blood.
What is the role of capillaries in gas exchange?
Capillaries facilitate the exchange of gases between blood and alveoli.
What is surfactant?
It’s an anti-sticking chemical which reduces surface tension in the alveoli, preventing collapse.
What is a specialised respiratory surface?
A specialised respiratory surface is adapted for efficient gas exchange.
What is the ventilation mechanism?
The ventilation mechanism involves the movement of air in and out of the lungs.
What are intercostal muscles?
Intercostal muscles are muscles located between the ribs that assist in breathing.
What is vital capacity?
Vital capacity is the maximum amount of air a person can exhale after a maximum inhalation.
What is the function of ribs in respiration?
Ribs protect the lungs and assist in the mechanics of breathing.
What happens when muscles contract during breathing?
When muscles contract, the volume of the cavity increases, allowing air to flow in.
What happens when muscles relax during breathing?
When muscles relax, the volume of the cavity decreases, pushing air out.
What is inspiration?
Inspiration is the process of taking air into the lungs.
What is tidal volume?
Tidal volume is the amount of air inhaled or exhaled during normal breathing.
What is expiration?
Expiration is the process of expelling air from the lungs.
