Malnutrition

Question 1

Is it likely that just one nutritional disorder is present?

Answer 1

No

Question 2

Weight loss, anorexia, cachexia, gingivitis, loose teeth, halitosis,, bleeding from gums, nose, hair follicles, muscle pain/weakness, oedema is a presentation of what deficiency?

Answer 2

Vit C - Scurvy

Question 3

What two conditions does a lack of vitamin B1 (thiamine) cause?

Answer 3

Wernicke’s encephalopathy

Beriberi - heart failure with general oedema (wet beriberi) or neuropathy (dry beriberi)

Question 4

What is Pellagra?

Answer 4

Lack of nicotinic acid

Question 5

What is the pellagra triad?

Answer 5

Diarrhoea
Dementia
Dermatitis

Question 6

What is the dermal sign of pellagra?

Answer 6

Casal’s necklace

Question 7

What is xerophthalmia caused by?

Answer 7

Lack of vitamin A - major cause of blindness in the tropics

Question 8

What type of spots appear in xerophthalmia?

Answer 8

Bitot’s spots (oval or triangular spots on dry conjunctivae)

Question 9

What are the three most common causes of malabsorption in the UK?

Answer 9

Coeliac disease
Chronic Pancreatitis
Crohn’s disease

Question 10

What two condtions does a Vitamin D deficiency cause?

Answer 10

Rickets

Osteomalacia