Cirrhosis Flashcards
Main cause of cirrhosis?
Alcohol excess
Infective causes of cirrhosis?
Hepatitis C
Hepatitis B
What are the two non-alcoholic or infective causes of cirrhosis?
NAFLD (non-alcoholic fatty liver disease)
NASH (non-alcoholic steatohepatitis)
What are the 5 hand signs of cirrhosis
Clubbing Leuconychia (low albumin) Terry's nails (white proximally, red distally) Palmar erythema Dupuytren's contracture
What are the 3 signs in the face of cirrhosis
Pallor
Xanthelasma
Parotid enlargement
What are the 3 signs on the trunk of cirrhosis
Spider naevi (>5, fill from centre)
Gynaecomastia
Loss of secondary sexual hair
What are the 5 abdomen signs of cirrhosis
Striae Hepatomegaly Splenomegaly Dilated superficial veins Testicular atrophy
How much of the liver parenchyma needs to be destroyed in order to show clinical signs?
80-90%
What is the name of the prognostic estimator for cirrhosis?
Child-Pugh-Turcotte classification
How do you treat the pruritis involved with cirrhosis?
Antihistamines
Topical ammonium lactate
What are the five major complications of cirrhosis?
Anaemia, thrombocytopenia and coagulopathy Oesophageal varices Ascites Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis Hepatocellular carcinoma
What two conditions can causes cirrhosis in children?
Alpha1-antitrypsin deficiency
Wilson’s disease
What is haemochromatosis
Disorder of iron absorption - associated with deposition of iron in hepatocytes = liver failure
What is Wilson’s disease?
inherited disorder of copper metabolism
