Male Strategies

Question 1

What factors influence a male’s ability to monopolize females

Answer 1

1. Number of females in the group
2. Estrus synchronization

Question 2

Asynchronous Estrus

Answer 2

A single male has a better chance of monopolizing

Question 3

Synchronous estrus

Answer 3

Harder for one male to monopolize

Question 4

What is the Sexual Selection Hypothesis for male infanticide

Answer 4

Infanticide increases the reproductive success of the male performing it

Question 5

3 conditions for infanticide to increase male RS

Answer 5

1. Male doesn’t kill his own offspring
2. Female returns to estrus faster after her infant is killed
3. infanticidal male later mates with the female

Question 6

What does the Priority of Access Model predict

Answer 6

High ranking males should have greater RS

Question 7

How do patrilocal societies affect male rank

Answer 7

*Males remain in natal group, forming coalitions
*Fewer extra-group males to compete with

Question 8

What are age-graded societies

Answer 8

*One male groups become multi-male over time
*Fathers allow sons to stay as subordinates
*Sons may eventually replace their fathers

Question 9

Alternative reproductive strategies for low-ranking males

Answer 9

1. Form coalitions
2. Sneak copulations
3. Parallel dispersal
4. All-male bands
5. Friendships with females

Question 10

3 types of M-M competition

Answer 10

1. Within-group contest
2. Between-group contest
3. Sperm competition

Question 11

Sign of sperm competition

Answer 11

Larger testes indicate more sperm competition

Question 12

Mechanisms of sperm competition

Answer 12

1. Last-male precedence
2. Copulatory plug
3. Cryptic female choice