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ANAPHY > MALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM (LAB) > Flashcards

MALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM (LAB) Flashcards

1
Q

Production of sperm and male sex hormone

A

MALE REPRODUCTIVE
SYSTEM

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2
Q

Transport, store, and assists in maturation of sperm

A

MALE REPRODUCTIVE
SYSTEM

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2
Q

Ejaculation and Urination

A

MALE REPRODUCTIVE
SYSTEM

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3
Q

ORGANS OF MALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM

DUCTS: epididymis, ductus deferens, ejaculatory ducts,
and urethra

A

TESTES

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3
Q

ORGANS OF MALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM

SUPPORTING STRUCTURES: scrotum and penis

A

TESTES

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3
Q

ORGANS OF MALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM

ACCESSORY SEX GLANDS: seminal vesicles, prostate, and
bulbourethral glands

A

TESTES

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3
Q

ORGANS OF MALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM

MUSCULAR COMPONENT
Dartos Muscle
Cremaster muscle

A

SCROTUM

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3
Q

ORGANS OF MALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM

TESTES

White fibrous capsule made up of dense irregular connective tissue Forming the septa which divides
testis into lobules

A

TUNICA ALBUGINEA

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3
Q

ORGANS OF MALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM

INTERNAL ANATOMY
Two sacs, each containing a
single testis, formed by the
scrotal septum

A

SCROTUM

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3
Q

involves the maturation of spermatids into sperm.

A

Spermiogenesis

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3
Q

ORGANS OF MALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM

TESTES
Serous membrane derived from the peritoneum and forms during the descent of the testes
▪ Partially covers the testes

A

TUNICA VAGINALIS

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4
Q

ORGANS OF MALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM

EXTERNAL ANATOMY
Raphe

A

SCROTUM

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4
Q

consists of loose skin and an underlying subcutaneous layer and supports the testes.

A

SCROTUM

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4
Q

SEMINIFEROUS TUBULE
2 TYPES OF CELL

“Sertoli Cells”

A

Sustentacular Cells

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4
Q

SEMINIFEROUS TUBULE
2 TYPES OF CELL

“Leydig cells”

A

Interstitial cells

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5
Q

Diploid cells (2n) have __ chromosomes

A

46

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6
Q

SPERMATOGENESIS

  • Remain near the basement membrane
  • undergo developmental
A

SPERMATOGONIA (2n)

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6
Q

haploid cells (n) have __ chromosomes.

A

23

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6
Q

SPERMATOGENESIS

Where meiosis begin

A

PRIMARY SPERMATOCYTE (2n)

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7
Q

SPERMATOGENESIS

  • still part of meiosis
A

SECONDARY SPERMATOCYTE (n)

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7
Q

SPERMATOGENESIS

  • Beginning of spermiogenesis
A

SPERMATIDS

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8
Q

SPERMATOGENESIS

after SPERMATIDS

A

SPERMATOZOA

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9
Q

SPERM
MAJOR PARTS:

  • Nucleus
  • Acrosome
A

HEAD

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10
Q

Release of FSH is stimulated by GnRH and inhibited by _____

A

inhibin

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10
Q

About ____ sperm mature each day

A

300 million

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10
Q

SPERM
MAJOR PARTS:

  • Neck
  • Midpiece
  • Principal piece
  • End piece
A

TAIL

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11
Q
  • Male pattern of development (before birth)
  • Enlargement of male sex organs and expression of male secondary sex characteristics (starting at puberty)
  • Anabolism (protein synthesis)
A

testosterone

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11
Q

release of LH is stimulated by GnRH and inhibited by _____

A

testosterone

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12
Q

Paired oval glands surrounded by the scrotum

A

TESTES

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12
Q

Site of sperm production

A

SEMINIFEROUS TUBULES

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13
Q

SEMINIFEROUS TUBULES
2 TYPES OF CELLS:

▪ Sperm-forming cells (puberty)
▪ Derived from primordial germ cells
▪ More mature forms towards the lumen

A

Spermatogenic Cells (Spermatogonia)

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13
Q

SEMINIFEROUS TUBULES
2 TYPES OF CELLS:

  1. Primary spermatocyte
  2. Secondary spermatocyte
  3. Spermatids
  4. Sperm Cells/ Spermatozoon
A

Spermatogenic Cells (Spermatogonia)

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14
Q

SCROTUM

Two sacs, each containing a single testis, formed by the
scrotal septum

A

Internal Anatomy

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14
Q

SCROTUM

Single pouch of skin separated into lateral portions by a
midline known as raphe

A

External Anatomy

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14
Q

SCROTUM

Single pouch of skin separated into lateral portions by a
midline known as

A

RAPHE

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14
Q

DUCTS OF THE MALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM

Pressure generated by the fluid secreted by sustentacular cells pushes sperm and fluid
along the lumen of seminiferous tubules and then into a series of very short ducts called

A

straight tubules

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14
Q

SEMINIFEROUS TUBULES
2 TYPES OF CELLS:

▪ Supporting cells
▪ Nourish spermatocytes, spermatids, and spermatozoon
▪ Phagocytize excess spermatid cytoplasm as development occurs
▪ Control movements of spermatogenic cells
▪ Release of sperm into the lumen of the seminiferous tubule
▪ Forms obstructions knows as the blood-testis barrier
▪ Produce fluid for sperm transport
▪ Secrete hormone inhibin and regulate the effects of testosterone and FS

A

Sertoli cells (Sustentacular cells)

14
Q

DUCTS OF THE MALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM

The straight tubules lead to a network of ducts in the testis called the

A

rete testis

14
Q

DUCTS OF THE MALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM

From the rete testis, sperm move into a series of coiled_______ in the epididymis that empty into
a single tube called the ductus epididymis

A

efferent ducts

15
Q

DUCTS OF THE MALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM

From the rete testis, sperm move into a series of coiled efferent ducts in the epididymis that empty into
a single tube called the ____

A

ductus epididymis

15
Q

DUCTS OF THE MALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM

Comma-shaped organ found along the posterior border of each testis

A

EPIDIDYMIS

15
Q

DUCTS OF THE MALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM

Function:
o Site of sperm maturation
o Helps propel sperm into ductus(vas) deferens
o Stores sperm for several months

A

EPIDIDYMIS

15
Q

DUCTS OF THE MALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM

Parts:
o Head (Superior): larger portion contains the Ductus epididymis
o Body: Narrow midportion of the epididymis
o Tail (Inferior): Continues as Ductus (vas) deferens

A

EPIDIDYMIS

15
Q

DUCTS OF THE MALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM

EPIDIDYMIS

Parts:
larger portion contains the Ductus epididymis

A

HEAD (SUPERIOR)

16
Q

DUCTS OF THE MALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM

EPIDIDYMIS

Parts:
Narrow midportion of the epididymis

17
Q

DUCTS OF THE MALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM

EPIDIDYMIS

Parts:
Continues as Ductus (vas) deferens

A

TAIL (INFERIOR)

18
Q

DUCTS OF THE MALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM

Histology

o Pseudostratified columnar epithelium with stereocilia
o Smooth muscle layer
o Connective tissue layer
o Attaches the loops of the ductus epididymis and carries blood vessels and nerves

A

EPIDIDYMIS (Ductus epididymis)

18
Q

DUCTS OF THE MALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM

  • Ascends along the posterior border of the epididymis through the spermatic cord and then enters the pelvic cavity
  • Loops over the ureter and passes over the side and down the surface of the urinary bladder
  • Dilated terminal portion: Ampulla
A

DUCTUS (VAS) DEFERENS

18
Q

DUCTS OF THE MALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM

DUCTUS (VAS) DEFERENS

Dilated terminal portion:

18
Q

DUCTS OF THE MALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM

Layers
o Mucosa: Pseudostratified Columnar Epithelium
o Muscularis: Inner longitudinal, Middle circular and Outer longitudinal

A

DUCTUS (VAS) DEFERENS

18
Q

DUCTS OF THE MALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM

DUCTUS (VAS) DEFERENS
LAYERS

Pseudostratified Columnar Epithelium

19
Q

DUCTS OF THE MALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM

DUCTUS (VAS) DEFERENS
LAYERS

Inner longitudinal, Middle circular and Outer longitudinal

A

Muscularis

20
Q

DUCTS OF THE MALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM

Supporting structure that ascends out of the scrotum

A

SPERMATIC CORD

20
Q

DUCTS OF THE MALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM

Consists of:
o Ductus(vas) deferens
o Testicular blood vessels, lymphatic vessels and nerves
o Cremaster muscle

A

SPERMATIC CORD

21
Q

DUCTS OF THE MALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM

SPERMATIC CORD

▪ Inguinal canal: passageway of spermatic cord and ilioinguinal nerve
▪ Terminal points

A

Cremaster muscle

21
Q

DUCTS OF THE MALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM

SPERMATIC CORD

Cremaster muscle:
_________: passageway of spermatic cord and ilioinguinal nerve

A

Inguinal canal

21
Q

DUCTS OF THE MALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM

SPERMATIC CORD

Cremaster muscle:
__________: Slit-like opening in the aponeurosis of the transversus abdominis muscle

A

Deep (abdominal) inguinal ring

22
Q

DUCTS OF THE MALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM

SPERMATIC CORD

Cremaster muscle: Triangular opening in the aponeurosis of the external oblique muscle

A

Superficial (subcutaneous) inguinal ring

23
Q

DUCTS OF THE MALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM

Formed by the union of the duct from seminal vesicle and the ampulla of the ductus
(vas) deferens

A

EJACULATORY DUCTS

23
Q

DUCTS OF THE MALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM

Terminate in the prostatic urethra

A

EJACULATORY DUCTS

23
Q

ACCESSORY GLANDS

  • Convoluted pouch- like structures
  • Posterior to the base of the urinary bladder and anterior to rectum
  • Seminal Fluid contributes 60% of the volume of semen
  • Alkaline in nature
A

SEMINAL VESICLES/ SEMINAL GLANDS

24
Q

ACCESSORY GLANDS

  • Composition: (Seminal Fluid)
  • Fructose
  • Prostaglandins
  • Clotting proteins
A

SEMINAL VESICLES/ SEMINAL GLANDS

24
Q

ACCESSORY GLANDS

  • Inferior to the urinary bladder and surrounds the prostatic urethra
  • Make up about 25% of the total volume of semen
A

PROSTATE GLAND

24
Q

ACCESSORY GLANDS

  • Make up about 25% of the total volume of semen
  • Citric acid
  • Proteolytic enzymes: Lysozyme, Amylase, and Hyaluronidase
  • Acid phosphatase
  • Seminal plasmin
A

PROSTATE GLAND

24
Q

ACCESSORY GLANDS

  • Inferior to the prostate on either side of the membranous urethra within the deep
    muscles of the perineum
  • Ducts open into the spongy urethra
  • Make up about 5% of total volume of the semen
  • Alkaline fluid and mucus
A

BULBOURETHRAL GLANDS/ COWPER’S GLANDS

24
Q

PENIS
* SUPPORTIVE FRAMEWORK:
arises from the inferior part of the linea alba

A

Fundiform Ligament

24
Q

PENIS
* SUPPORTIVE FRAMEWORK:
arises from the pubic symphysis

A

Suspensory Ligament

24
Q

PENIS
* ANATOMIC PARTS:

o Composed of cylindrical tissue:
- Corpora Cavernosa:
▪ 2 dorsolateral masses
- Corpus Spongiosum Penis
▪ Smaller midventral mass
containing spongy urethra and
keeps it open during
ejaculation

A

BODY OF THE PENIS

25
Q

PENIS
* ANATOMIC PARTS:
A. BODY OF THE PENIS
o Composed of cylindrical tissue:

2 dorsolateral masses

A

Corpora Cavernosa

25
Q

PENIS
* ANATOMIC PARTS:
A. BODY OF THE PENIS
o Composed of cylindrical tissue:

▪ Smaller midventral mass
containing spongy urethra and
keeps it open during
ejaculation

A

Corpus Spongiosum Penis

25
Q

PENIS
* ANATOMIC PARTS:

Coverings:
- Tunica albuginea
- Subcutaneous layer
- Skin

A

BODY OF THE PENIS

26
Q

PENIS
* ANATOMIC PARTS:
A. BODY OF THE PENIS

  • Composed of numerous blood
    sinuses (vascular spaces)
  • Lined by endothelial cells
  • Surrounded by smooth muscle and
    elastic connective tissue
A

Erectile tissue

26
Q

PENIS
* ANATOMIC PARTS:

o Slightly enlarged, acorn-shaped
o Margin: Corona
o Contains distal urethra which enlarges and forms a slit-like opening, the external
urethral orifice

A

GLANS PENIS

27
Q

PENIS
* ANATOMIC PARTS:
B. GLANS PENIS

Contains _____ which enlarges and forms a slit-like opening, the external urethral orifice

A

distal urethra

27
Q

PENIS
* ANATOMIC PARTS:
B. GLANS PENIS

Contains distal urethra which enlarges and forms a slit-like opening, the ________

A

external urethral orifice

27
Q

PENIS
* ANATOMIC PARTS:

o Covered by the loosely fitting prepuce or foreskin

A

GLANS PENIS

28
Q

PENIS
* ANATOMIC PARTS:

o Attached portion
o 2 parts

29
Q

PENIS
* ANATOMIC PARTS:
ROOT
2 PARTS:

o Continuation of the base of the corpus spongiosum penis
o Enclosed by the bulbospongiosus muscle

A

Bulb of the penis

29
Q

PENIS
* ANATOMIC PARTS:
ROOT
2 PARTS:

o Two separated and tapered portions of the corpora cavernosa penis
o Surrounded by the ischiocavernosus muscle

A

Crura of the penis

30
Q

PENIS
* ANATOMIC PARTS:

2 parts
a. Bulb of the penis
o Continuation of the base of the corpus spongiosum penis
o Enclosed by the bulbospongiosus muscle
b. Crura of the penis
o Two separated and tapered portions of the corpora cavernosa penis
o Surrounded by the ischiocavernosus muscle

31
Q

composition
- SPERMATOZOA 5%
- SEMINAL FLUID 60%-70%
- PROSTATE FLUID 20%-30%
- BULBOURETHRAL GLANDS 5%

32
Q

Semen composition

SPERMATOZOA

33
Q

Semen composition

SEMINAL FLUID

34
Q

Semen composition

PROSTATE FLUID

35
Q

Semen composition

BULBOURETHRAL GLAND

35
Q

SEMEN COAGULATION:

35
Q

SEMEN RELIQUEFACTION (PSA AND Proteolytic enzyme):

A

10-20 MINS

35
Q

DEFINITION OF TERMS

Sexual intercourse

35
Q

DEFINITION OF TERMS

a persistent and usually painful erection of the penis that does
not involve sexual desire or excitement.

36
Q

DEFINITION OF TERMS

the powerful release of semen from the urethra to the exterior.

A

EJACULATION

37
Q

DEFINITION OF TERMS

ejaculation that occurs too early, for example, during foreplay or on or shortly after penetration.

A

PREMATURE EJACULATION

38
Q

DEFINITION OF TERMS

  • the consistent inability of an adult male to ejaculate or to attain or
    hold an erection long enough for sexual intercourse.
A

ERECTILE DYSFUNCTION

ANAPHY (5 decks)

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