Male Reproduction

Question 1

3 day history painless penile ulcer close to glans, no palpable inguinal LAD =

dianogstic test = ulcer exudate microscopy with

Answer 1

Treponema pallidum

dark field illumination

Question 2

the superficial and deep ________ are physiologic openings in the __________ aponeurosis and the transversalis fascia respectively. Surgical repair of an undescended testicle lodged in the inguinal canal involves reducing the testis through the superficial inguinal ring and fixing it in the scrotum (orchiopexy)

Answer 2

inguinal ring

external abdominal oblique

Question 3

Vasectomy involves transection of the _______. After vasectomy, viable sperm remain in the ejaculate for 3 months and at least 20 ejaculations

Answer 3

vas deferens

Question 4

the prostatic plexus lies within the fascia of the prostate and innervates the ___________ which facilitates penile erection. Prostatectomy or injury can cause ED

Answer 4

corpus cavernosa of the penis

Question 5

CFTR gene mutations are the most common cause of congenital bilateral absence of vas deferens. Elevated ____________ are diagnostic

Answer 5

sweat chloride

Question 6

___________ produce inhibin in response to_____ from the anterior pituitary. Leydig cells produce testosterone in response to _________

Answer 6

Sertoli cells

FSH

LH

Question 7

lymphatic drainage from the testis is to the ______ nodes. Lymphatic drainage from the scrotum goes into the _________ nodes

Answer 7

para aortic

superficial inguinal

Question 8

in males, incomplete fusion of the urogenital folds results in _______, an abnormal opening of the urethra proximal to the glans penis along the ventral shaft

failure of a fetal testis to descend into scrotum =

________ is the development of a fluid filled peritonieal sac within the scrotum that results from incomplete obliteration of the processus vaginalis

________ is an abnormal opening of the urethra on the dorsal surface of the penile shaft that results from faulty positioning of the genital tubercle in the 5th week gestation

a ________ results from malunion of the labioscrotal folds

Answer 8

hypospadias

cryptochidism

hydrocele

epispadias

bifid scrotum

Question 9

the prostate is located between the _____ and the anal canal. BPH is a common age related condition that causes urinary symptoms (hesitancy, straining, incomplete voiding) and is medically treated with alpha adrenergic blockade or 5a reductase inhibitors

Answer 9

pubic symphysis

Question 10

communicating hydroceles and ________ are caused by incomplete obliteration of the processus vaginalis

testicular torsion is related to trauma or ___________ bell clapper deformity

Answer 10

indirect inguinal hernias

congenitally horizontal positioning of testes

Question 11

the embryonic testes secrete testosterone and ________, which is responsible for regression of the mullerian ducts that normally give rise to the internal genitalia of the female fetus. Testosterone mediates development of male internal genitalia and DHT mediates development of the external genitalia

Answer 11

mullerian inhibiting factor

Question 12

in undescended testes, the seminiferous tubules atrophy if uncorrected due to higher body temperatures, resulting in decreased ______ and increased risk for ________

Answer 12

fertility

malignancy

Question 13

long bone length, primary hypogonadism, gynecomastia, learning difficulties =

labs show decreased _______, increased estradiol, increased ___________

Answer 13

Klinefelter XXY 47

testosterone

LH and FSH

Question 14

_______ has a structure similar to TSH. Patients with testicular germ cell tumors or gestational trophoblastic disease may develop very high serum hCG concentrations, which can stimulate TSH receptors and cause hyperthyroidism

Answer 14

hCG

Question 15

primary ciliary kyskinesia results from an autosomal recessive mutation in the proteins responsible for normal ciliary structure and function (dynein, assembly proteins). clinical manifestations include situs inversus, chronic sinusitis, ________, and infertility

Answer 15

bronchiectasis (persistent bronchial dilation

Question 16

5 alpha reductase inhibitors such as _______ block the conversion of T to DHT in the prostate in order to reduce prostate volume in patients with BPH

Answer 16

finasteride, dutasteride

Question 17

the gonadal arteries arise from the __________. Testicular torsion is due to twisting of the testis around the spermatic cord

Answer 17

abdominal aorta

Question 18

cancers of the pelvis can spread to the lumbosacral spine via the vertebral venous plexus which communicates with the _______________

Answer 18

prostatic venous plexus

Question 19

__________ causes of ED account for approximately 10% of cases and include performance anxiety, sexual partner dissatisfaction, and marital problems. Important cluse are sudden onset and the presence of morning erections

Answer 19

psychogenic causes of ED

Question 20

injury to the _________ is associated with pelvic fractures, and the __________ is most commonly damaged with saddle injuries. Inability to void with a full bladder sensation, high riding, boggy prostate, and blood at the urethral meatus are suggestive. Foley catheter is contraindicated

Answer 20

posterior urethra

anterior urethra

Question 21

a communicating hydrocele results when serous fluid accumulates within the ___________ in the setting of a patent processus vaginalis. It presents as a painless swelling that transilluminates on examination

Answer 21

tunica vaginalis