Male Reproduction Flashcards
Where does spermatogenesis occur?
seminiferous tubules
What do the Sertoli cells do?
provide nutrient environment for the production of sperm
What cells produce testosterone?
cells of Leydig
What hormone stimulates cells of Leydig?
LH
What hormone stimulates sertoli cells?
FSH
How to sertoli cells utilize testosterone?
After testosterone is released from cells of Leydig if diffuses across the blood/testes barrier to reach Sertoli cells which secrete an antigen-binding protein which keeps testosterone local
What do the sertoli cells inhibit?
can release inhibin which feedbacks to the anterior pituitary to inhibit the release of FSH
How many spermatozoa does one spermatogonia produce?
one spermatogonia produces 4 spermatozoa
What stimulates penile erection? Parasympathetic or sympathetic?
parasympathetic via NO; opposed by sympathetic (alpha-1)
At birth, how many eggs are contained in the ovary? How many mature to ovulation?
2-4million eggs in meiotic arrest; 400 mature to ovulation
What is the difference between male and female germ cells?
A female is born with all of the germ cells she will ever have while the male is constantly producing more germ cells
What are the four stages of the development of the oocyte?
- oogonia
- primary oocyte
- secondary oocyte (after puberty)
- ovum
The female gamete after ovulation and prior to fertilization is?
secondary oocyte
When is the oogonia present?
fetal life
when do oogonia arrest and become primary oocytes?
6 months postnatal
What is contained in the first polar body?
23 chromosomes, 2 chromatids
In female reproduction,n what does FSH stimulate?
granulosa cells
In female reproduction, what does LH stimulate?
Thecal cells
What do thecal cells synthesize?
androgens
what do granulosa cells synthesize?
convert androgens to estrogen
What is a rate limiting step in the production of progesterone and estradiol?
LH needs to stimulate cholesterol desmolase
How does progesterone act on the uterus?
increases secretions and decreases contractility
How does estradiol act on the uterus?
increases contractility and cell proliferation/growth
What dominates the follicular phase of menses?
estradiol
What dominates the luteal phase of menses?
progesterone
Does prolactin stimulate the secretion of another hormone?
no!
