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R - anatomy > male repro organs > Flashcards

male repro organs Flashcards

1
Q

what canal do the testes pass through during development

A

inguinal canal

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2
Q

what is the spermatic cord

A

cord beginning at inguinal canal and going to testes

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3
Q

what are the fascial coverings of the spermatic cord

A

superficial fascia
external spermatic fascia
cremaster fascia
internal spermatic fascia

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4
Q

what blood vessels does the spermatic cord transmit

A

testicular artery and pampiniform plexus of testicular veins
cremasteric artery and vein

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5
Q

what nerves does the spermatic cord transmit

A

genital branch of genitofemoral nerve

somatic nerves

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6
Q

what duct does the spermatic cord contain

A

vas deferens

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7
Q

what is the function of vas deferens

A

muscular tube conveying sperm from epididymis to ampulla

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8
Q

what is the anatomical course of vas deferens

A

travels in spermatic cord through inguinal canal
crosses external iliac artery
moves down lateral pelvic wall close to ischial spine
crosses obturator nerve and ureter
passes by posterior surface of bladder
joins duct from seminal vesicle
forms ejaculatory duct

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9
Q

what is testicular tosion

A

when spermatic cord twists on it’s self and can cut off testicular artery

surgical emergency

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10
Q

what commonly causes testicular torsion

A

spasm of cremaster muscle

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11
Q

what covers the testes inside the scrotum

A

tunica vaginalis

two layers - parietal and visceral laminae

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12
Q

what is the function of the tunica vaginalis

A

closed sac with some fluid to allow friction free movement

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13
Q

what is the fibrous capsule that encloses the testes

A

tunica albuginea

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14
Q

how are the testes divided into lobules

A

by diaphragms of the tunica albuginea

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15
Q

what is the anatomical structure of the testes

A

lobules containing seminiferous tubules that converge to the rete testes where the ductus efferents emerge and the epididymis starts

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16
Q

what are sertoli cells

A

cells lining seminiferous tubules

help maturation of spermatozoa

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17
Q

what do leydig cells do

A

produce testosterone

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18
Q

what is the epididymis

A

heavily coiled duct
goes from efferent tubules of testes to the vas deferens
stores sperm produced by testes

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19
Q

what are the parts of the epididymis

A

head - efferent tubules of testes empty here
body
tail

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20
Q

what is the innervation of the testes and epididymis

A

testicular plexus

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21
Q

what is the arterial supply of the testes

A

testicular arteries

22
Q

what vertebral level do the testicular arteries arise form the aorta at

A

L2-3

23
Q

what structures do the testicular arteries cross before they pass through the inguinal canal

A

genitofemoral nerve
ureter
anterior to psoas major

24
Q

what is the venous drainage of the testes

A

pampiniform plexus to paired testicular veins

25
Q

where is lymph from the testes drain

A

lumbar

26
Q

what are the seminal vesicles

A

paired glands on posterior surface of bladder

secrete 70% of volume of semen

27
Q

what is the prostate gland

A

gland that produces seminal fluid

fused to bladder and surrounds prostatic urethra

28
Q

what are bulbourethral glands

A

small paired structures in urogenital diaphragm near the bulb of the penis that empty into spongy urethra to lubricate it for semen

29
Q

what is the root of the penis

A

most proximal part

in superficial perineal pouch of pelvic floor

30
Q

what are the contents of the root of the penis

A

erectile tissues
ischiocavernosus
bulbospongiosus

31
Q

what is the structure of the body of the penis

A

made of three cylinders of erectile tissue

32
Q

what is the structure of the glans penis

A

most distal part
conical shape
distal expansion of corpus spongiosum
contains opening of urethra

33
Q

what are the three masses of erectile tissue

A

corpora cavernosa x2

corpus spongiosum

34
Q

what are the corpus cavernosum a continuation of

A

left and right crura

35
Q

what is contained by the corpus spongiosum

A

penile/spongy urethra

36
Q

where are the bulbospongiosus muscles

A

root of penis

37
Q

what is the function of the bulbospongiosus muscles

A

empties residual urine/semen from urethra

help maintain erection

38
Q

where are the ischiocavernosus muscles

A

surrounds left and right crura

39
Q

what is the function of the ischiocavernosus muscles

A

force blood from cavernous spaces iin crura into corpus cavernosa to help maintain erection

40
Q

what are the fascial coverings of the erectile tissue

A 
deep/bucks fascia 
tunica albuginea (deeper)
41
Q

what are the two ligaments that support the penis

A

suspensory

fundiform

42
Q

structure of suspensory ligament

A

connects erectile bodies to pubic symphysis/interpubic disc

sling shaped

43
Q

structure of fundiform ligament

A

runs down from linea alba and wraps round penis and joins with scrotal septum

44
Q

arterial supply of penis

A

dorsal arteries of penis
deep arteries of penis
bulbourethral artery

all branches of pudendal artery

45
Q

venous drainage of penis

A

deep dorsal vein of penis

superficial dorsal veins

46
Q

innervation of penis (spinal cord segments + sensory nerve)

A

S2-4

dorsal nerve is a branch of pudendal nerve and gives sensory and sympathetic innervation

47
Q

parasympathetic innervation of penis

A

peri-prostatic nerve plexus

48
Q

what are the different parts of the urethra

A

prostatic
membranous
spongy

49
Q

describe how sperm travels from testes to glans penis

A

testes - epididymis - vas deferens (in spermatic cord) - inguinal canal - crosses OVER ureter - ampulla of vas deferens empties into ejaculatory duct (so do the seminal vesicles) - prostatic urethra

50
Q

what nerve is the cremaster muscle innervated by

A

genitofemoral

51
Q

3 layers of vas deferens

A

muscular layers
inner
circular
outer

R - anatomy (9 decks)

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