Male Pelvic Viscera

Question 1

Label all:

Answer 1

Question 2

The prostate is a derivative of what embryonic structure?

Answer 2

urogenital sinus

Question 3

The vas deferens and seminal vesicles are derivatives of what embryonic structure?

Answer 3

mesonephric ducts

Question 4

The four parts of the male urethra:

Answer 4

1. pre-prostatic (proximal)
2. prostatic
3. membranous
4. spongy (distal)

Question 5

Shortest portion of the male urethra:

Answer 5

membranous portion

Question 6

Longest part of male urethra:

Answer 6

• spongy portion on ventral side of penis.
• opens externally.

Question 7

Label all:

Answer 7

Question 8

Ampulla of the Ductus (vas) Deferens:

Answer 8

• enlarged portion of vas deferens as it approaches prostate.
• stores sperm prior to emission.
• forms ejaculatory duct with seminal vesicle.

Question 9

Label all:

Answer 9

Question 10

Ejaculatory duct is formed by the union of:

Answer 10

ampulla of the vas and seminal vesicle.

Question 11

Seminal colliculus:

Answer 11

• elevation within prostatic urethra.
• remnant end of mesonephric ducts.
• surrounded by prostatic sinus.

Question 12

Prostatic sinus:

Answer 12

• surrounds seminal colliculus.
• where prostatic glands secrete fluid into prostatic urethra.

Question 13

Stroma of the prostate is composed of:

Answer 13

• collagen and smooth muscle.
• enlargement of stroma smooth muscle causes benign prostatic hyperplasia.

Question 14

Benign prostatic hyperplasia:

Answer 14

• increase in size/number of stroma and glandular cells in prostate gland.
• decreases size of prostatic urethra (radius) and urinary flow.

Question 15

Arterial blood supply to prostate:

Answer 15

• inferior vesicle artery.
• branch of internal iliac.

Question 16

Prostatic venous plexus:

Answer 16

• drainage of prostate.
• drainage of penis via dorsal vein of the penis.

Question 17

Nerve innervation of erection:

Answer 17

• parasympathetic pelvic splanchnics

Question 18

Nerve innervation of:

(1) emission of sperm from the vas deferens with seminal fluid into the urethra and
(2) ejaculation:

Answer 18

sympathetic

Question 19

Nerve innervation of peristalsis of sperm through the vas deferens:

Answer 19

sympathetic

Question 20

What nerve innervation drives fluid secretions from the prostate into the prostatic urethra?

Answer 20

parasympathetic pelvic splanchnics

Question 21

What nerve innervation causes contraction of the internal urethral sphincter smooth muscle so that ejaculate goes out rather than up and into the urinary bladder?

Answer 21

sympathetic

Question 22

If you injure the nerves within the prostatic plexus, you will have issues with:

Answer 22

erectile dysfunction and continence.

Question 23

Nerve innervation and steps in ejaculation:

Answer 23

1. erection: parasympathetic pelvic splanchnics
2. peristalsis of sperm through vas deferens: sympathetic
3. emission of sperm and seminal fluid into urethra: sympathetic
4. emission of prostatic fluid into urethra: parasympathetic pelvic splanchnics
5. contraction of the internal urethral sphincter smooth muscle: sympathetic
6. ejaculation: sympathetic

Question 24

The three prostatic zones:

Answer 24

transitional, central, and peripheral.

Question 25

Location transition zone of prostate:

Answer 25

around the prostatic urethra.

Question 26

Location of central zone of prostate:

Answer 26

• where the ejaculatory ducts enter and traverse the prostate.

Question 27

Location of peripheral zone of prostate:

Answer 27

• surrounds transitional and central zones of prostate.

Question 28

Cause and symptoms of benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH):

Answer 28

• due to increased growth in stroma and glandular tissue of prostate gland.
• restriction of urine flow through urethra.
• lower urinary tract symptoms.

Question 29

Most common site of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH):

Answer 29

• transitional zone of prostate
• 5% of prostatic volume

Question 30

Most common site of prostatic cancers:

Answer 30

• peripheral zone of prostate
• 70% of prostatic volume

Question 31

The two types of lower urinary tract symptoms:

Answer 31

1. Irritative
   
   • Nocturia
   • Urge/Incontinence
   • Frequency
   • Painful urination
2. Obstructive
   
   • Weak flow
   • Hesitancy
   • Straining

Question 32

Prostate cancer type and site of metastases:

Answer 32

• adenocarcinoma (glandular cancer)
• mets to bones, lungs, liver

Question 33

Prostate cancer symptoms:

Answer 33

• lower urinary tract symptoms
• similar to BPH