Male and Female Reproductive System

Question 1

What are the four layers of female rep. system from outside to inside?

Answer 1

Serosa (connective tissue), Muscularis
(usually 2 layers - enables contraction; passage of fluids, gametes), Submucosa (blood vessels & nerves), Mucosa (secretes to internal space)

Question 2

What is Broad ligament?

Answer 2

flat sheet of peritoneum (connective tissue), associated with the uterus, fallopian tubes and ovaries

Question 3

In the Broad ligament what does Mesovarium, Mesosalphynx, & Mesometrium support?

Answer 3

Mesovarium - ovary
Mesosalpyhnx - oviduct
Mesometrium - uterus

Question 4

What two areas do the ovaries consist of?

Answer 4

the Cortex (mostly consists of ovas and sex hormone producing tissues)
the Medulla (contains blood vessels, nerves..)

Question 5

What are the four types of follicles?

Answer 5

1. Primordial (smallest and least developed, surround ova with flat layers of cells)
2. Primary (surround the ova with a layer of cuboidal cells)
3. Secondary (2 or more layers without fluid space)
4. Tertiary/ Antral(2 or more layers of cells with one cavity)

Question 6

What are the 3 layers of Antral follicle?

Answer 6

Theca externa (layer of supportive loose connective tissues)
Theca interna (produce androgens under the influence LH hormone)
Granulosa cell (produce follicle fluid, estrogen, inhibin, responsible for maturation of the ovum)

Question 7

Job of the Oviduct?

Answer 7

• Gamete transfer (sperm&ovum)
• Supports the development of conceptus(embryo) and passage of it to the uterus

Question 8

What is the region of fertilization called in the Oviduct?

Answer 8

Ampullary-isthmic junction

Question 9

What are some roles of the uterus?

Answer 9

• Muscle contraction (sperm passage)
  Absorption and phagocytosis
• Environment for fetal development
• Formation of hormones: Prostaglandin F2a

Question 10

What is Pyometra?

Answer 10

Serious infection that causes the Uterus to fill with bacteria and pus

Question 11

What is the job of the cervix?

Answer 11

• Barrier to sperm
• semen storage
• Mucoid secretion around mating and ovulation
• Isolates the uterus from external enviorment by a mucoid palge
• Birth canal

Question 12

During high estrogen level, what is the purpose of thickened vaginal tissue?

Answer 12

• Serves as physical barrier during mating
• Protectes from microorganisms

Question 13

How many ovaries do chickens have?

Answer 13

only one

Question 14

What can be found in the Spermatic cord?

Answer 14

• Blood vessels, nerves and lymph ducts pass
• Cremaster muscle
  Spermatic cord connects the testis to the body!

Question 15

What is the cremaster muscle?

Answer 15

• It is the main supportive muscle of the testis
• it enables blood flow and cooling efficiency

Question 16

In the spermatic cord, what is the purpose of Pampiniform plexus?

Answer 16

heat regulation

Question 17

In the testis, what are Sertoli cells?

Answer 17

Cells that “control” spermatozoa

Question 18

Job of the ductus deferns?

Answer 18

Transfers spermatozoa to pelvic urethra

Question 19

In fibroelastic penis, what is the Sigmoid flexure?

Answer 19

enables retraction of the pensi back into the body when no erection occurs