Malaria in Ethiopia (golden nuggets) Flashcards
Distribution across Africa
Mostly in central Africa due to warmer, wetter climate.
Distribution in Ethiopia
No cases in the East and west has between 3 and 7 months of the year. West is wet lowlands so has more cases however altitudes vary in the midlands so cases vary.
Social causes
Population movement, urbanisation, irrigation schemes, misuse of malarial drugs, harvesting continuing after sunset when mosquitos are most active.
Number of doctors per 10,000 in most areas
1 doctor per 10,000
% who get malaria in the city who don’t survive
10%
Solutions
Government providing insecticides, officials providing nets and tutorials on how to use nets, drainage leading to less mosquito breeding grounds, Un gives vitamins to children to boost their immunity, supply chain of preventatives to be strengthened. Early diagnosis and treatment. Grants from NGOs 20-43 million
Results
Declines in outbreaks and deaths, decrease in infant mortality, maternal mortality declined by 60%. No epidemics since 2003. Death rates halved between 2000 and 2010.
Human causes
Stagnant water pools have been made in rice fields, people sleep over night in fields making them more likely to contract it. People misusing the malarial drugs, taking them too often. Migration from highlands to lowlands during the rainy season.
How many does it kill annually?
70,000
When is the peak transmission rate?
Between June and November after the rainy season
% of national health expenditure spent on malaria
40%
What happened to malaria in Amhara one of the worst provinces?
Prevalence of the disease fell from 4.6% of the population in 2006 to 0.8% in 2011
Amount of money lost to malaria each year?
12 billion per year
When was the last malaria epidemic in Ethiopia?
2003
What NGOs did the five year plan work in conjunction with?
UNICEF, WHO, World Bank
