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Chemistry C1 > Making Crude Oil Useful > Flashcards

Making Crude Oil Useful Flashcards

1
Q

What is a hydrocarbon?

A

A compound that contains hydrogen and carbon atoms only

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2
Q

Name the name of alkanes and their formula

A 
1. Methane CH4
H
H-C-H
H
2. Ethane C2H6
H- H
H- C-C-H
H-H
3. Propane C3H8
H-H-H
H- C-C-C-H
H-H-H
4. Butane C4H10
H-H-H-H
H-C-C-C-C-H
H-H-H-H
5. Pentane C5H12
H-H-H-H-H
H-C-C-C-C-C-H
H-H-H-H-H
6. Hexane C6H14
H-H-H-H-H-H
H-C-C-C-C-C-C-H
H-H-H-H-H-H
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3
Q

What is meant by non renewable fuels?

A

Fuels that take a very long time to make and are used up faster than they are formed

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4
Q

What is the formula for alkanes?

A

CnH2n+2

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5
Q

What are alkenes?

A

A series of unsaturated hydrocarbons containing a double bond

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6
Q

What are the names of alkenes?

A
  1. Methene
  2. Ethene
  3. Propene
  4. Butene
  5. Pentene
  6. Hexene
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7
Q

What is the formula for alkenes?

A

CnH2n

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8
Q

How can we test for an alkene?

A

Test it with bromine water. If an alkene is present, the bromine water will go from orange to colourless

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9
Q

What happens to the boiling point of longer hydrocarbons?

A

They have a higher boiling point

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10
Q

What does cracking do? Why

A

Breaking down longer hydrocarbon chains to short chains. Shorter chains are more useful alkanes and alkenes

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11
Q

What are alkenes used for?

A

Plastic

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12
Q

What are the two methods of cracking called and what conditions are needed?

A

Thermal cracking- high temperature and pressure

Catalyst cracking- low temperature and pressure

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13
Q

What is cracking?

A

Long chain hydrocarbon molecules are broken down to shorter chains

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14
Q

What kind of molecule contains a carbon- carbon double bond?

A

Alkene

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15
Q

What is crude oil?

A

Crude oil is a mixture of hydrocarbons

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16
Q

By method are the hydrocarbons in crude oil separated?

A

By heating

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17
Q

Fractions are produced. What is a fraction?

A

A mixture of hydrocarbons with similar boiling points

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18
Q

How can you tell that each fraction is a mixture of substances and not a pure substance?

A

A range of boiling points because there is a range of hydrocarbons

19
Q

Octane is in petrol. Eicosane is in diesel. Which fuel is the most flammable?

20
Q

Octane is in petrol. Eicosane is in diesel. Which fuel is most viscous?

21
Q

Octane is in petrol. Eicosane is in diesel. Which fuel burns with the cleanest flame?

22
Q

What are alkanes?

A

Saturated hydrocarbons

23
Q

Alkanes are saturated molecules. What does this mean?

A

They only have single bond

24
Q

What is the formula for alkanes?

25
Q

What are alkenes?

A

A series of unsaturated hydrocarbons containing a double bond

26
Q

What are the names of alkenes?

A
  1. Methene
  2. Ethene
  3. Propene
  4. Butene
  5. Pentene
  6. Hexene
27
Q

What is the formula for alkenes?

28
Q

How can we test for an alkene?

A

Test it with bromine water. If an alkene is present, the bromine water will go from orange to colourless

29
Q

What happens to the boiling point of longer hydrocarbons?

A

They have a higher boiling point

30
Q

What does cracking do? Why

A

Breaking down longer hydrocarbon chains to short chains. Shorter chains are more useful alkanes and alkenes

31
Q

What are alkenes used for?

32
Q

What are the two methods of cracking called and what conditions are needed?

A

Thermal cracking- high temperature and pressure

Catalyst cracking- low temperature and pressure

33
Q

What is cracking?

A

Long chain hydrocarbon molecules are broken down to shorter chains

34
Q

What kind of molecule contains a carbon- carbon double bond?

35
Q

What is crude oil?

A

Crude oil is a mixture of hydrocarbons

36
Q

By method are the hydrocarbons in crude oil separated?

A

By heating

37
Q

Fractions are produced. What is a fraction?

A

A mixture of hydrocarbons with similar boiling points

38
Q

How can you tell that each fraction is a mixture of substances and not a pure substance?

A

A range of boiling points because there is a range of hydrocarbons

39
Q

Octane is in petrol. Eicosane is in diesel. Which fuel is the most flammable?

40
Q

Octane is in petrol. Eicosane is in diesel. Which fuel is most viscous?

41
Q

Octane is in petrol. Eicosane is in diesel. Which fuel burns with the cleanest flame?

42
Q

What are alkanes?

A

Saturated hydrocarbons

43
Q

Alkanes are saturated molecules. What does this mean?

A

They only have single bond

Chemistry C1 (6 decks)

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