Major Trauma Flashcards
What is classed as major trauma?
Severe of multiple injuries with high risk of death or permanent disability
What is blunt trauma?
What is penetrating trauma?
Follows falls of motor vehicle collisions
An object passes through the skin into underlying tissue or body cavity (e.g. stabbing, gunshot)
Management:
ABC is usually used in an emergency. What is managed before?
Catastrophic haemorrhage
Haemorrhage control:
What can be done initially to external haemorrhage?
What can be put on for major limb trauma?
What should be put on when there is a suspected pelvic trauma causing the bleeding?
What blood products should be used in a ratio of 1:1:1? - 3
What drug can be given to help blood clot?
Direct pressure
Tourniquet
Pelvic binders
RBCs + PLTs + FFP
Tranexamic acid
Imaging:
What imaging is used first if the patient is haemodynamically unstable?
eFAST can be used if the patient is haemodynamically unstable. What does it stand for?
What can be done once the patient is stabilised?
CXR
eFAST (extended focused assessment with sonography for trauma) allows an emergency physician or a surgeon the ability to determine whether a patient has a pneumothorax, hemothorax, pleural effusion, mass/tumour, or a lodged foreign body. The exam allows for visualization of the echogenic tissue, ribs, and lung tissue.
CT - CAP
Penetrating trauma:
Where does the patient need to be taken to straight away?
Theatre
