Major Romantic Writers Flashcards
How are usually divided romantic poets?
2 generations :
1) first gen : William Blake, William Wordsworth, Samuel T. Coleridge
2) 2nd gen : Lord George Byron, Percy Bisshe Shelley, John Keats
Who is William Blake ?
A poet, painter, printmaker, he enphasises intuition, inspiration, and imagination
What are the most important works of William Blake?
Songs of innocence and song of Experience
Who is William Wordsworth?
He was part of the Lake Poets, a small group of friends. He wrote the Preface to the lyrical Ballads
What is the Preface to the lyrical Ballads?
First romantic manifesto, it defines the element of new poetry, it asserts the importance of imagination, intuition, feelings.
Who’s Samuel Taylor Coleridge ?
He’s attracted to the mysterious, the supernatural, the irrational, (hallucinations or dreams)
What did Samuel Taylor Coleridge wrote?
The Rime of the Ancient Mariner, a tragic ballad.
Kubla Khan
Biographia Literaria
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What is Biographia Literaria ?
An autobiography by Samuel Taylor Coleridge that is one of the most important English writing on poetic theory.
What are the 2 faculties of the mind according to Samuel Taylor Coleridge?
The Imagination and the fancy
Fancy : mechanical, passive accumulation of data in the memory.
Imagination : essential force behind creation, it enables poetry and other arts
Who is George Noel Gordon?
He’s a legendary figure : rebel and cynic.
He had a scandalous life : he attacked political and religious hypocrisy and diaregarded moral value by having homosexual relationship and inceatipus affair with his half-sister (who forced him to leave England)
He wrote “Childe Harold’s Pilgrimage” Satire against London society
Who is Percy Bisshe Shelley?
The most lyrical romantic poet.
Revolutionary and atheist, diciple of William Godwin
What did Percy Bisshe Shelley wrote?
“The Necessity of Atheism” Which got him expelled from Oxford, Ozumanidas, The Cloud, The Mask of Anarchy and Adonais”
Who is John Keats?
His poetry are characterized by sensuous music and imagery and a concern with material beauty.
He rejected reason and didacticism
What’s the condition of “Negative capability”?
Negative capability is the the ability tof the individual to percieve, think and operate beyond any presupposition and predeterminded capacity of the human being.
What did John Keats write?
The Eve of St Agnes, Ode to psyche, Ode on Melancholy….
When did the English Gothic novel appear?
It appeared with Horace Walpole “The Castle of Otranto”.
When did the Gothic Novel become well established and popular?
By the end of the 18th century.
What is the gothicism ?
It could be seen as an extreme fringe version of romanticism (because terror = extreme version of emotion)
It’s related to romantic reaction against social order and rationality.
What are the common themes of Gothic texts?
Nature, emotions, the exotic, the medieval nostalgia, the exploration and celebration of self.
Give some Gothic novels :
“Wuthering Heights “ By Emily Bronte
“The mysteries of Udolpho” By Ann Radcliffe,
“The Monk” By Matthew G. Lewis
Give some Gothic features
1) A castle
2) dumgeons, underground passages, crypts, catacombs or even modern houses
3) labyrinths, dark corridors
4) Shadows, a beam of moonlight on the dark, flickering candle
5) extreme landscapes
6) omens (presages) and ancestral curses
7) magic, supernatural manifestations
8) a passion-driven villain
9) a weak heroine that needs to be rescued
10) a hero
11) horrifying events
Give major writers of this era and their major works
1) Sir Walter Scott : “Waverley”, “ Ivanhoe”
2) Jane Austen : highlights the need of Independence for women “pride and prejudice”, “ Sense and sensibilty” “Emma”
3) Mary Shelley (daughter of William Godwin) : “Frankenstein”
Give to Gothic painting / drawings
The Nightmare by Fuseli
Prometheus rescued by Herakles - by Fuseli
