Major Periods Flashcards
1
Q
Prehistoric Period
A
- 30,000 B.C. -2500 B.C.
- Old Stone Age; hunting and gathering
- New Stonage; agricultrue
- could paint and sculpt but not write
- themes: hunting, fertility, shamanism
2
Q
Mesopotamian Period
A
- 3500 BC - 500 BC
- Civilizations included:
- Sumerians (invinted first writing known as cuneiform)
- Akkadians
- Assyrians
- Babylonians
- major themes: war, religious tomb art
3
Q
Egyptian Period
A
- 3100 BC - 332 BC
- Tomb art, cult of the Dead
- highly symbolic, symetrical, colorful, ridgid, less realistic than Mesopotamia
4
Q
Minoan Period
A
- 1900 BC - 1350 BC
- focues on sport, religious rituals and daily pleasures
- First art to celebrate daily life
5
Q
The Archaic Period
A
- 650 BC - 480 BC
- Ancient greek art that imitated Egyptian art
6
Q
The Classical Period
A
- 480 BC - 400 BC
- moving towards more realistic but idealized work
7
Q
Hellenistic Period
A
- 323 BC - 30 BC
- First time anger, sorrow, and fear were realistically portrayed
8
Q
Etruscan Period
A
- 8th Century BC - 4th Century BC
- tomb art - viewed death as a pleasant continuation of life
9
Q
Roman Period
A
- 300 BC - 476 AD
- influenced heavily by Greek art, even more realistic
10
Q
Byzantine Period
A
- 500 AD - 1453 AD
- Eastern Roman Empire after the fall of Rome
- christian icons
- less realistic, more symbolic
11
Q
Islamic Period
A
- 7th Century AD -
- Mohammed condemned graven images, so humans aren’t represesnted
- intricate and colorful patterns influenced by math and geometry
12
Q
Medieval Period
A
- 500 AD - 1400 AD
- European Christian art created after the fall of Rome
- stained glass, illumanted manuscripts, golden reliquaries, gothic cathedrals
13
Q
High Renaissance
A
- 1495 - 1520
- Major Artists
- Leonardo da Vinci
- Michelangelo
- Raphael
- return to classical models
- worked out the mathematical lawes of perspective
14
Q
Mannerism
A
- 1530-1580
- elongated human figures, contorted postures, distroted landscapes
15
Q
Baroque Period
A
- 1600-1750
- art became a propoganda tool during the Counter-Reformation
- more emotionally powerful and dramatic to appeal to the masses
16
Q
Rococo Period
A
- 1715 -1760s
- Art became more ornamental
- favored by royalty
17
Q
Neoclassicism
A
- 1765 -1830
- return to greco-roman classiscim
- depicts people of the time period as if Greek Godds and heros
- influence by the Enlightenment as well as the American and French Revolutions
18
Q
Romanticism
A
- late 1700s - early 1800s
- in reaction to the Industrial Revolution, many artists retreated to nature
19
Q
Realism
A
- 1840s-1880s
- tried to strip away idealism from the Romantic Period
20
Q
The Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood
A
- 1848 - 1890s
- also in reaction to the industrial revoltion
- revisted romantic mediaval legends
21
Q
Arts and Crafts Movement
A
- 1850s - 1930s
- Founded by William Morris (a Pre-Raphaelite)
- a return to handmade furniture and decorative arts in reaction to the industiral revolution
22
Q
Impressionism
A
- 1869 - 1880s
- painted everday life
- focused on subtle changes of atmosphere and light to reflect the fleeting quality of life
23
Q
Post-Impressionism
A
- 1886 - 1892
- took impressionism in a more experimental direction
- Major artists:
- Vincent van Gogh
24
Q
Fauvism
A
- 1905 -1908
- Henri Matisse and Andre Derain
- Believed art should be more decorative
- art became more abstract
- flatedned persepctive, simplified form; wallpaper like
25
Q
Expressionism
A
- 1905 - 1933
- German Abstract Art
- Distorted exteriors of subjects to express the interior
26
Q
Cubism
A
- 1908 - 1920s
- Georges Braque and Pablo Picasso invented the movement so that people could observe all views and angles of an object
27
Q
Futurism
A
- 1909 - 1940s
- embraced the machine age and fascism
- Italy and pre-revolution Russia
28
Q
Dada
A
- 1916 -1920
- reaction to WW I and rational thought
- started in neural Switerzaland and spread across Europe
- anti-art art, mocked mainstream culture
29
Q
Surrealism
A
- influence by Dada and Freud
- focused on dreams and unconscousness
30
Q
Suprematsim
A
- 1913 - 1934
- lead by Kazimir Malevich
- strove to disassociate feeling from represpresentational art
31
Q
Constructivism
A
- 1914 -1934
- Russian modernism, representing the socialist utopia
- art was no longer for art’s sake, had to be practical for all people
32
Q
De Stijl
A
- 1914-1931
- led by Piet Mondrian, means “the Style” in Dutch
- simplified geometry with only primary colors
- strove for objective beauty (universal and abstract) as opposed to subjective (3d, senses)
33
Q
Abstract Expressionism
A
- 1946 - 1950s
- American Expressionism, removed the representation from German Expressionism
- ex: Jackson Pollock
34
Q
Pop Art
A
- 1960s
- co-opted advertising and movies
- Andy Warhol
35
Q
Conceptual and Performance Art
A
- 1960s -1970s
- not about creating new art but new ideas
36
Q
Postmodernism
A
- 1970s -
- belief that there is no current culturual baseline and mixes styles from the past
