Major Minerals Flashcards
The more a food is processed, the greater the ratio of potassium to sodium
true
Bone health involves a variety of minerals. Select all that apply for full mark
Selected Answers:
Phosphorus Vitamin D Vitamin K Magnesium Sulfur
Selected Answers:
Phosphorus
Magnesium
minerals not vitamins
Which of the following is a parameter considered when making the distinction between major and minor/trace minerals?
5.
How much of these minerals are needed by the body?
Chloride is the main _____________
Answers:
1.
Cation in extracellular fluid
- Anion in intracellular fluid
- Electrolyte in interstitial fluid
- Cation in intracellular fluid
Correct5.
Anion in extracellular fluid
5.
Anion in extracellular fluid
In addition to its role in bone development and maintenance, calcium is also required for:
Vitamin D absorption, muscle contraction and neurotransmitter production
- Magnesium absorption, blood clotting function, and blood pressure regulation
Correct3.
Blood clotting, transmission of nerve impulse, muscle contraction
- ATP stabilisation, muscle contraction, and DNA synthesis
- Regulating potassium excretion, kidney function, and regulation of intracellular fluid
Response Feedback:
These are the typical functions of calcium besides in bone health. Look at the pictures in the lecture material that illustrate them.
Blood clotting, transmission of nerve impulse, muscle contraction
The DASH is a prescriptive dietary approach to address primary hypertension. Which of the following best describe the mechanisms of actions of the DASH (select all that apply for full mark):
Low fiber intake to avoid bile excretion and promote entero-hepatic circulation
- High carbohydrate and low fat intake to promote appetite control and weight loss
- A high sodium to potassium ratio to promote water excretion
- A high dietary calcium and magnesium intake for blood vessel vasodilation and relaxation
- A high potassium to sodium ratio to promote water excretion
Correct4.
A high dietary calcium and magnesium intake for blood vessel vasodilation and relaxation
Correct5.
A high potassium to sodium ratio to promote water excretion
acid found in dietary fibre interferes with mineral bioavailability for absorption. All Answer Choices Citric Oxalic Phytic Phenolic Acetic Ascorbic Amino
Correct Phytic acid found in dietary fibre interferes with mineral bioavailability for absorption.
hytic acid in fibre and oxalic acid is green leafy vegetables (but not associated with the fibre in these vegetables)
Match the following anions and cations with the right fluid compartment where they mostly prevail: ECF or ICF
Potassium magnesium Phosphate SUlfur Sodium Calcium CHloride Bicarbonate
Potassium ICF magnesium ICF Phosphate ICF SUlfur ICF Sodium ECF Calcium ECF CHloride ECF Bicarbonate ECF
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On your travel overseas you buy a packet of local crisps. You are curious about the sodium content in a 100 grams of crisps. The NIP is limited on the packaging; it indicates that the 125 g packet of crisps contains 5.35g of salt. How much sodium (in mg) is this equivalent to per 100 g of crisps?
Correct Answer:
Correct 1,682.04
Which of the following is most likely to be secreted first when blood calcium levels drop: [A]
Parathyroid hormone
In the usual diets of populations in developed countries, the sodium content comes from the following sources:
1.
77% from processed /restaurant foods, 12% from naturally occurring in food, 6% from adding salt to the meal, 5% from cooking with salt
- 77% from cooking with salt and soy sauce, 10% from natural food sources, 10% added to the plate, 3% from packaged foods
- 77% from naturally occurring foods, 12 % from processed /restaurant foods, 6% from cooking with salt, 5% from adding salt to the meal
- 77% from cooking with salt and savoury sauces, 12% from naturally occurring in foods, 6% from processed /restaurant foods, 5% from adding salt to the meal
- 75% from processed /restaurant foods, 25% from sauces added to dishes, 25% from natural food sources
Correct1.
77% from processed /restaurant foods, 12% from naturally occurring in food, 6% from adding salt to the meal, 5% from cooking with salt
Which of the following is likely to be secreted first when blood calcium rise above the normal range:
Calcitonin
High potassium diet reduces [A] excretion
Calcium
Calcium homeostasis is tightly regulated by a number of hormones which includes (select all that apply for full mark):
1.
Aldosterone
- Calcitriol
- Insulin
- Thyroid hormone
- Calcitonin
- Calcitriol
Calcitriol promotes
bone resorption - Calcitonin
Review the diagram about calcium homeostasis: calcitriol, calcitonin and PTH are the hormone to remember overall for that mechanism
On the nutrition information panel of a bottle of barbecue sauce, you see that there is 1150mg of sodium per 100 mL of sauce. You estimate that you are consuming about 40 mL of sauce with your dinner meal. How much salt ( in mg) is this equivalent to?
Correct Answer:
Correct 1,170
Answer range +/-
10 (1160 - 1180)
Review the calculations to convert sodium to salt and vice-versa
Bone is the main storage of ______________ whilst muscles contain a significant amount of ___________.
Magnesium, calcium and phosphorus; magnesium
Remember the Traditional Mediterranean Diet from your lipid week studies? What do you think: is it overall low in ______________ and high in ______________?
1.
Sodium; potassium
[A] acid found in green leafy vegetables interfere with mineral bioavailability for absorption.
Oxalic acid found in green leafy vegetables interfere with mineral bioavailability for absorption.
