Major/Mild Neurocog D/O Due to TBI Flashcards
criterion A for M/M NCD due to TBI
criteria are met for M/M NCD
criterion B for M/M NCD due to TBI
there is evidence of a traumatic brain injury
define traumatic brain injury
“brain trauma”–>an impact to the head or other mechanisms of rapid movement or displacement of the brain within the skull, with one or more of the following:
loss of consciousness
posttraumatic amnesia
disorientation and confusion
neurological signs (i.e neuroimaging demonstrates injury; a new onset of seizures; a marked worsening of preexisting seizure disorders; visual field cuts; anosmia; hemiparesis)
criterion C for M/M NCD due to TBI
the NCD presents immediately after the occurrence of the TBI or immediately after recovery of consciousness and persists past the acute post injury period
what specifiers are there for M/M NCD due to TBI
severity specifier
rate the severity of the NCD, NOT the underlying TBI
what is the cognitive presentation of M/M NCD due to TBI
variable
commonly see difficulties in the domains of:
- -complex attention
- -executive ability
- -learning
- -memory
- -slowing speed of info processing
- -disturbances in social cognition
*in more severe TBI, there may be additional neurocognitive deficits like aphasia, neglect, or constructional dyspraxia
what are some other categories of symptoms that may be associated with M/M NCD due to TBI
disturbances in emotional function
personality changes
physical disturbances
neurological symptoms and signs
orthopedic injuries
what deficits in emotional function may be present in those with M/M NCD due to TBI
irritability
easy frustration
tension
anxiety
affective lability
what personality changes may accompany M/M NCD due to TBI
disinhibition
apathy
suspiciousness
aggression
what physical disturbances may accompany M/M NCD due to TBI
headache
fatigue
sleep disorders
vertigo, dizziness
tinnitus or hyperacuity
photosensitivity
anosmia
reduced tolerance to psychotropic medications
what % of the population lives with a TBI associated disability
2%
what % of TBIs are in males
59% (in the USA)
what are the most common etiologies of TBI in the USA
falls
vehicular accidents
being struck on the head
*collisions and blows to the head that occur in the course of contact sports are increasingly recognized as sources of mild TBI with a concern that repeated mild TBI may have a cumulatively persisting sequelae
what are the severity levels of TBI and when are they rated
rated AT TIME OF INJURY
mild–> moderate–> severe
what are the three injury characteristics taken into consideration when judging the severity of a TBI
loss of consciousness (length of time)
posttraumatic amnesia (length of time)
disorientation and confusion at initial assessment (GCS)