Major Functional Muscles Of The Face And Scalp Flashcards
Insertion of the occipitofrontalis FRONTAL BELLY
Skin and subcutaneous tissue of eyebrows and forehead
Origin of the occipitofrontalis FRONTAL BELLY
Epicranial aponeurosis
Actions of the occipitofrontalis FRONTAL BELLY
Elevates eyebrows and wrinkles skin of forehead Protracts scalp (indicating surprise or curiosity)
Origin of the occipitofrontalis OCCIPITAL BELLY
Lateral two thirds of superior nuchal line
Insertion of the occipitofrontalis OCCIPITAL BELLY
Epicranial aponeurosis
Actions of the occipitofrontalis OCCIPITAL BELLY
Retracts scalp
Increasing effectiveness of frontal belly
Origin of orbicularis oculi (orbital sphincter)
Medial orbital margin
Medial palpebral ligament
Lacrimal bone
Insertion of the orbicularis oculi (orbital sphincter)
Skin around margin of orbit
Superior and inferior tarsi (tarsal palates)
Actions of the orbicularis oculi (orbital sphincter)
Closes eyelids: palpebral part does so gently
Orbital part tightly (winking)
Origin of the orbicularis oris (oral sphincter)
Medial maxilla and mandible
Deep surface of peri-oral skin
Angle of mouth
Insertion of orbicularis oris (oral sphincter)
Mucous membrane of lips
Actions of orbicularis oris (oral sphincter)
Tonus closes mouth
Phasic contraction compresses and protrudes lips (kissing) or resists dissension (when blowing)
Origin of the buccinator (cheek muscles)
Mandible, alveolar processes of maxilla and mandible, pterygomandibular raphe
Insertion of the buccinator
Angle of mouth (modiolus)
Orbicularis oris
Actions of the buccinator
Presses cheek against molar teeth
Works with tongue to keep food between occlusal surfaces and out of oral vestibule
Resists distension (when blowing)
Origin of the platysma
Subcutaneous tissue of infraclavicular and supraclavicular regions
Insertion of the platysma
Base of mandible
Skin of cheek and lower lip
Angle of mouth
Orbicularis oris
Actions of the platysma
Depresses mandible (against resistance) Tenses skin of inferior face and neck (conveying tension and stress)
Origin of the strnocleidomastoid
Lateral surface of mastoid process of temporal bone and lateral half of the superior nuchal line
Insertion of the sternocleidomastoid
Sternal head: anterior surface of the manubrium of sternum
Clavicular head: superior surface of medial third of clavicle
Innervation of the sternocleidomastoid
Spinal accessory nerve (CN XI; motor)
C2 and C3 nerves (pain and proprioception)
Actions of the sternocleidomastoid
Unilateral contraction: tilts head to same side (i.e. laterally flexes neck) and rotates it so face is turned superiorly toward opposite side
Bilateral contraction: (1) extends neck at atlanto-occipital joints (2) flexes cervical vertebrae so that chin approaches manubrium (3) extends superior cervical vertebrae while flexing inferior vertebrae so chin is thrust forward with head kept level
With cervical vertebrae fixed, may elevate manubrium and medial end of clavicles, assisting pump-handle action of deep respiration
Origin of the trapezius
Medial third of the superior nuchal line
External occipital protuberance
Nuchal ligament
Spinous processes of C7-T12
Insertion of the trapezius
Lateral third of the clavicle
Acromion
Spine of scapula
Innervation of the trapezius
Spinal accessory nerve (CN XI)
C3 and C4 nerves (pain and proprioception)
Actions of the trapezius
Elevates, retracts, and rotates scapula
Descending (superior) part elevates pectoral girdle, maintains level of shoulders against gravity or resistance
Middle part retracts scapula
Ascending (inferior) part depresses shoulder
Descending and ascending parts rotate scapula upward
With shoulders fixed, bilateral contraction extends neck; unilateral contraction produces lateral flexion to same side
