Major Cell Types, Cell Specialization, Cell Modification

Question 1

What do the words “Eu” and “Karyon” mean?

Answer 1

True - Kernel/Nut

Question 2

It is unicellular, small, and simple.

Answer 2

Prokaryote

Question 3

It can be multicellular or unicellular

Answer 3

Eukaryotes

Question 4

This type of cell does not have membrane bound organelles.

Answer 4

Prokaryotes

Question 5

This type of cell produces sexually through meiosis

Answer 5

Eukaryotes

Question 6

This is the cell division for prokaryotes

Answer 6

Binary Fission

Question 7

Prokaryotes have _____DNA and _______ chromosomes

Answer 7

Circular DNA and Haploid chromosomes

Question 8

______ have linear DNA and ______ chromosomes

Answer 8

Eukaryotes, Diploid chromosomes

Question 9

Name the 4 kingdoms eukaryotes belong to

Answer 9

Prostista, Fungi, Animalia, Plantae

Question 10

Archaea and Eubacteria are kingdoms of which type of cell?

Answer 10

Prokaryotes

Question 11

______ cells are basically “undifferentiated” cells that can change into different cells.

Answer 11

Stem cells

Question 12

Cell specialization happens ______- the cell.

Answer 12

Within

Question 13

Cell modification happens ______ cell division.

Answer 13

After

Question 14

_______ cells are bi-concave in shape, and contains hemoglobin. It carries oxygen throughout the body.

Answer 14

Red Blood Cells (Erythrocytes)

Question 15

White blood cells, or leukocytes are ______ in size compared to RBC, and it produces ______ and _____ to help with our immune system.

Answer 15

bigger than RBC,
produces antibodies and antitoxins

Question 16

It contains a flagella, and lots of mitochondria for motility.

Answer 16

Sperm cell

Question 17

It contains genetic material, and is the largest cell in the female human body.

Answer 17

Egg cell

Question 18

It carries nerve impulses throughout the body.

Answer 18

Nerve cells (neurons)

Question 19

What are the specialized parts of a Neuron, or a nerve cell?

Answer 19

Branching dendrites, Myelin sheaths, a long, and thin Axon

Question 20

Myocytes or Muscle cells are ________ in structure and contains a ________ amount of mitochondria.

Answer 20

elongated and elastic in structure, and contains a huge amount of mitochondria.

Question 21

It is a specialized plant cell that transports water and nutrients UPWARDS from the roots.

Answer 21

Xylem cell

Question 22

It is a specialized plant cell that transports glucose DOWNWARDS.

Answer 22

Phloem

Question 23

It absorbs water and minerals.

Answer 23

Root hair cells

Question 24

It is a plant specialized cell that regulates the rate of transpiration.

Answer 24

Guard cell

Question 25

_____________-_ produces food through photosynthesis

Answer 25

photosynthetic cell

Question 26

It is an ADAPTATION made by cells after cell division.

Answer 26

Cell modification

Question 27

_____ is a hair-like organelle that extends from a cell's surface.

Answer 27

Cillia

Question 28

It is a tail-like protrusion used by the cell for motility.

Answer 28

Flagella

Question 29

What are the two types of cillia?

Answer 29

Non-motile (primary) cillia, motile cillia

Question 30

Finger-like projections that are small and slender, they increase the surface area to increase absorption.

Answer 30

Villi,or microvilli

Question 31

These are temporary extensions of the cytoplasm, it promotes the movement of the cell, and helps with ingestion.

Answer 31

Pseudopods

Question 32

______ are used for DNA transfer in prokaryotes (conjugation)

Answer 32

Sex pili, or conjugative pili