Major Cell Types, Cell Specialization, Cell Modification Flashcards

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1
Q

What do the words “Eu” and “Karyon” mean?

A

True - Kernel/Nut

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2
Q

It is unicellular, small, and simple.

A

Prokaryote

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3
Q

It can be multicellular or unicellular

A

Eukaryotes

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4
Q

This type of cell does not have membrane bound organelles.

A

Prokaryotes

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5
Q

This type of cell produces sexually through meiosis

A

Eukaryotes

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6
Q

This is the cell division for prokaryotes

A

Binary Fission

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7
Q

Prokaryotes have _____DNA and _______ chromosomes

A

Circular DNA and Haploid chromosomes

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8
Q

______ have linear DNA and ______ chromosomes

A

Eukaryotes, Diploid chromosomes

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9
Q

Name the 4 kingdoms eukaryotes belong to

A

Prostista, Fungi, Animalia, Plantae

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10
Q

Archaea and Eubacteria are kingdoms of which type of cell?

A

Prokaryotes

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11
Q

______ cells are basically “undifferentiated” cells that can change into different cells.

A

Stem cells

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12
Q

Cell specialization happens ______- the cell.

A

Within

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13
Q

Cell modification happens ______ cell division.

A

After

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14
Q

_______ cells are bi-concave in shape, and contains hemoglobin. It carries oxygen throughout the body.

A

Red Blood Cells (Erythrocytes)

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15
Q

White blood cells, or leukocytes are ______ in size compared to RBC, and it produces ______ and _____ to help with our immune system.

A

bigger than RBC,
produces antibodies and antitoxins

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16
Q

It contains a flagella, and lots of mitochondria for motility.

A

Sperm cell

17
Q

It contains genetic material, and is the largest cell in the female human body.

A

Egg cell

18
Q

It carries nerve impulses throughout the body.

A

Nerve cells (neurons)

19
Q

What are the specialized parts of a Neuron, or a nerve cell?

A

Branching dendrites, Myelin sheaths, a long, and thin Axon

20
Q

Myocytes or Muscle cells are ________ in structure and contains a ________ amount of mitochondria.

A

elongated and elastic in structure, and contains a huge amount of mitochondria.

21
Q

It is a specialized plant cell that transports water and nutrients UPWARDS from the roots.

A

Xylem cell

22
Q

It is a specialized plant cell that transports glucose DOWNWARDS.

A

Phloem

23
Q

It absorbs water and minerals.

A

Root hair cells

24
Q

It is a plant specialized cell that regulates the rate of transpiration.

A

Guard cell

25
Q

_____________-_ produces food through photosynthesis

A

photosynthetic cell

26
Q

It is an ADAPTATION made by cells after cell division.

A

Cell modification

27
Q

_____ is a hair-like organelle that extends from a cell’s surface.

A

Cillia

28
Q

It is a tail-like protrusion used by the cell for motility.

A

Flagella

29
Q

What are the two types of cillia?

A

Non-motile (primary) cillia, motile cillia

30
Q

Finger-like projections that are small and slender, they increase the surface area to increase absorption.

A

Villi,or microvilli

31
Q

These are temporary extensions of the cytoplasm, it promotes the movement of the cell, and helps with ingestion.

A

Pseudopods

32
Q

______ are used for DNA transfer in prokaryotes (conjugation)

A

Sex pili, or conjugative pili