maintenance of living things

Question 1

photosynthesis

Answer 1

autotrophic

Question 2

chloroplast

Answer 2

contains a pigment that acts as an enzyme, chlorophyll —> can NOT trap green wavelengths, which is why plants are green

has an accessory pigment like carotene (orange enzyme) which traps green wave lengths

Question 3

starch

Answer 3

storage of glucose (insoluble)

Question 4

where does most of photosynthesis occur?

Answer 4

leaves

Question 5

epidermis

Answer 5

the TOP layer of the leaves

Question 6

how does the epidermis help?

Answer 6

prevents H2O loss, injury, & fungi

Question 7

what is the waxy outer layer of the epidermis?

Answer 7

the cuticle —> it adds extra protection from water loss and infection

Question 8

stomates

Answer 8

exchange between external and internal environment

contains co2, o2, & h2o vapor that are all gas diffusion

Question 9

what is a single stomate surrounded by?

Answer 9

2 guard cells —> contain a chloroplast and 1 large vacuole each

Question 10

how does the guard cells control the opening and closing of the stomate?

Answer 10

turgar —> water pressure

Question 11

what is below the epidermis?

Answer 11

palisade layer —> tightly packed tall cells filled with chloroplast, MOST of the photosynthesis takes place in here

Question 12

what is between the lower epidermis and palisade layer?

Answer 12

spongy layer —> air spaces lined by loosely arranged cells. the spaces are continuous w the stomates. this layer performs very little photosynthesis.

Question 13

what does the xylem convey?

Answer 13

h2o and dissolved minerals (sodium, chloride, or calcium)

Question 14

where does the xylem go from?

Answer 14

from root to stem to leaves

Question 15

is the xylem a two way conduction or one way conduction?

Answer 15

one way conduction

Question 16

what does the phloem conduct?

Answer 16

food (glucose)

Question 17

where does the phloem go from?

Answer 17

from leaves to the root of the plant “whole”

Question 18

is the phloem a one way or two way conduction?

Answer 18

two way conduction

Question 19

what is ingestion of the organic material?

Answer 19

heterotrophic

Question 20

ameba

Answer 20

food is engulfed by phagocytosis, producing pseudopods (fake legs).

waste is then removed via cell membrane (diffusion)

Question 21

paramecium

Answer 21

food moves along a “cilia” (hairs) to oral grove, then waste is removed thru anal pore

Question 22

what does the ameba and paramecium have in common?

Answer 22

food is enclosed in vacuoles that merge with a lysosome (digestive enzyme)