Maintaining Political Stability (1965-89) Flashcards
Who replaced Erhard? What party were they from?
- Kurt Kiesinger
- CDU/CSU
Describe Kiesinger’s government.
- It was a ‘Grand Coalition’ made up of the CDU/CSU and the SPD
List 3 reasons why the Grand Coalition was formed.
- The economic challenges at the time
- There was increasing political hostility towards the government
- The government had become more respressive due to these threats
What were 3 economic problems that contributed to the creation of the Grand Coalition?
- The economic dislocation caused by the creation of the Berlin Wall
- The ending of skilled migrants from the GDR
- The fear of expanding too quickly
List 3 groups that threatened the government.
- Small extremist political parties such as the National Democratic Party (NPD) which was neo-Nazi
- Students (protests)
- The German Confederation of Trade Unions
How and why had the government become more repressive?
- In 1968 they amended the Basic Law to establish a committee that could enact emergency measures in the case of a serious threat, such as widespread political unrest (the Emergency Law)
- The groups threatening the government had become increasingly violent and even radical, in the view of some, such as the CDU/CSU
What were 2 opposing views about the introduction of this emergency law?
- The left saw it to be a return to authoritarianism
- The SPD had initially been opposed to the introduction of measures such as this one, but voted in favour of it
What were the results of the 1969 elections?
- Willy Brandt (SPD) became chancellor with an SPD/FDP coalition
What was Brandt’s most famous policy?
- Ostpolitik; rejecting the Hallstein Doctrine and building closer relations with the GDR
Give 2 events that happened as a result of Ostpolitik.
- In 1970 Brandt visited the GDR, and Willy Stoph (minister-president of the GDR) visited the FRG
- In 1973 they both signed the Basic Treaty, which recognised the other state’s right to exist
What happened as a result of Brandt’s policy of Ostpolitik, and why?
- In 1972 the CDU/CSU called for a vote of no-confidence, and had a replacement leader ready
- They saw Ostpolitik as giving in to communism and preventing German unification
What was the result of the vote of no-confidence?
- Brandt won by only 2 votes
What did the vote of no-confidence show?
- The FRG was a very stable and democratic state, as many citizens were opposed to the removal of an elected government that had maintained its popularity
What did Brandt do as a result of the vote of no-confidence, and what was the outcome?
- He called for early elections
- In the highest turnout ever, the SPD won the most seats
What was the main reason why Brandt won the 1972 elections?
- Ostpolitik was very popular