Maintaining Homeostasis & Nervous System

Question 1

What do kidneys do?

Answer 1

-proper ion concentration
- proper water concentration
elimination of urea
- blood pressure
- proper PH`

Question 2

How does the body acquire nitrogen waste?

Answer 2

by product of protein metabolism in liver

Question 3

where is ammonia mainly found

Answer 3

aquatic animals like fish

Question 4

Urea is mainly found in

Answer 4

mammals, sharks and amphibians

Question 5

Uric acid is mainly found in

Answer 5

insects, reptiles, birds and shelled things

Question 6

rate the wates from most toxic to least toxic

Answer 6

ammonia, urea, uric

Question 7

rate wastes from cheap/ easy to take out to hard to take out

Answer 7

ammonia, urea, uric

Question 8

when talking about kidneys what system are we referring to

Answer 8

excretory system

Question 9

4 steps of nephrons

Answer 9

filtration
reabsorbtion
secretion
excretory

Question 10

Steps to a movement

Answer 10

sensory input via affereny cells

intergration(decides whether to respond or not)

motor output efferent cells carry away single

effector
thing actually moves

Question 11

what is apart of peripheral nervous system

Answer 11

sensory input and motor outout

Question 12

what is apart of central nervous system

Answer 12

intergration

Question 13

what is so special about neurons

Answer 13

they ate amitotic
aka they do not divide

Question 14

Neurons have a high

Answer 14

metabolic rate

they consume a lot sugars and mitochondria stuff

Question 15

Glia cella are mainly …

Answer 15

support

Question 16

three types of glial cella

Answer 16

astrocytes
microglia
oligodendrocytes

Question 17

astrocytes are differnet from the other glial cells bc

Answer 17

they are the most abundant

Question 18

astocytes…

Answer 18

creates barriers and has highest number if tight junctions to protect neurons

Question 18

astocytes…

Answer 18

creates barriers and has highest number if tight junctions to protect neurons

Question 19

astocytes…

Answer 19

creates barriers and has highest number if tight junctions to protect neurons

Question 20

microglia..

Answer 20

defense system
looks for pathogens and destroys them

Question 21

oligodendrocytes…

Answer 21

produce myelin sheath that speeds up signal and isolates nerves

Question 22

autonomic nervous system is controlled by

Answer 22

hypothalamus

Question 23

a nerve is a

Answer 23

group of neurons bundled together by connective tissue
it can act as protection

Question 24

what is the longest nerve in the body

Answer 24

the sciatic nerve

Question 25

resting potential

Answer 25

the membrane potential of a neuron

Question 26

what number is the resting motaential

Answer 26

avg-== -70 mV

Question 27

an imbalance of chemicals in any cell will cause a

Answer 27

stimulus

Question 28

stimulus is apart of what division

Answer 28

afferent division

Question 29

membane potential stages

Answer 29

resting stage
depolarization
rising phase of action potential
falling phase of action potential
undershoot

Question 30

resting stage

Answer 30

stimuli causes Na+ channels to open

Question 31

Depolarization

Answer 31

interior become less negative
Na+ channels open rapidly
r

Question 32

rising ohase of action potential

Answer 32

K+ slowly open during depolarization

Question 33

FALLING OHASE OF THE ACTION POTENTIAL

Answer 33

K+ MOVES DOWN ELectrochemical gradient
cell beocme increasingly negative

Question 34

undershoot

Answer 34

very nergative
below -70

Question 35

anesthetics…

Answer 35

stop sensations of PNS
usually block voltage gated na+ channels and prevents action potential

Question 36

analegesic

Answer 36

stop sensation of CNS

Question 37

the more + strong stimulus means

Answer 37

more frequent action potential

Question 38

what is the saltatory conuction

Answer 38

increase conduction speed by up to 10x
due to schwann cells surrounding neurons to form myelin sheath