Main Vocab 2

Question 1

Economy with little government interference

Answer 1

Market economy

Question 2

An economy with elements of both command and market aspects

Answer 2

Mixed economy

Question 3

The state’s recreation of a market in which property, labor, goods, and services can all function in a competitive environment to determine their value

Answer 3

Marketization

Question 4

The transfer of state owned property to private ownership

Answer 4

Privatization

Question 5

Divisions based on ethnic or cultural identity

Answer 5

Fragmentation

Question 6

Divisions based on religion, ethnicity, race, social and economic classes

Answer 6

Social cleavages

Question 7

A citizen’s capacity to understand and influence political events

Answer 7

Political efficacy

Question 8

Voluntary organizations outside the state that help people define and advance their own interests

Answer 8

Civil society

Question 9

The tendency in democracies to allow majority rule to neglect the rights and liberties of minorities

Answer 9

Tyranny of the majority

Question 10

A universal political order that draws it’s identity and values from everywhere

Answer 10

Cosmopolitanism

Question 11

Structures of a political system that carry out the work of governing

Answer 11

Political institutions

Question 12

Government that concentrates all policymaking powers in one central geographic place and central government is responsible for most policy areas

Answer 12

Unitary system

Question 13

Spreads the power among many sub units and has a weak central government

Answer 13

Confederal system

Question 14

Divides the power between the central government and sub units

Answer 14

Federal system

Question 15

Process that encourages states to pool their sovereignty in order to gain political, economic, and social clout

Answer 15

Integration

Question 16

Purchase of assets in a country by a foreign firm

Answer 16

Foreign direct investment

Question 17

Factors that bind together the people of a state, giving it strength

Answer 17

Centripetal force

Question 18

Forces that destabilize the government and encourage the country to fall apart

Answer 18

Centrifugal forces

Question 19

Nationalities within a country demand independence : ie/ Georgians in Soviet Union

Answer 19

Separatist movements

Question 20

Tendency to decentralize decision making to regional governments: ie/ Scotland and Wales

Answer 20

Devolution

Question 21

Shares a well developed sense of belonging to the same culture

Answer 21

Ethnic group

Question 22

Tendency for an ethic group to see itself as a distinct nation with a right to autonomy or independence: ie/Quebec

Answer 22

Ethnonationalism

Question 23

Middle class professionals or businessmen

Answer 23

Bourgeoisie

Question 24

A multiple party system with no clear majority party

Answer 24

Cabinet coalition

Question 25

The power to make small decisions in implementing legislative and executive decisions

Answer 25

Discretionary power

Question 26

Political supporters receive jobs in return for their assistance in getting the president elected

Answer 26

Patronage system

Question 27

Legislatures with two houses

Answer 27

Bicameral

Question 28

Legislatures with one house

Answer 28

Unicameral

Question 29

Groups that connect the government to it's citizens( political parties, interest groups, media)

Answer 29

Linkage institutions

Question 30

Opposite of first past the post where voters cast ballots for a party rather than candidate

Answer 30

Proportional representation

Question 31

A national ballot called by the government on a policy issue

Answer 31

Referendum

Question 32

A ballot to consult public opinion in a no binding way

Answer 32

Plebiscite

Question 33

Vote on policy initiated by the people

Answer 33

Initiative

Question 34

Groups with no independence that convey to their members the view of the party elites

Answer 34

Transmission belts

Question 35

Groups independent from government that compete with eachother

Answer 35

Interest group pluralism

Question 36

The state determines which groups are brought in

Answer 36

State corporatism

Question 37

Interest groups take the lead and dominate the state

Answer 37

Societal corporatism

Question 38

Measures all the goods and services produced by a country's economy in a given year( excluding income earned by citizens outside the country)

Answer 38

Gross domestic product

Question 39

Measurement of all the goods and services produced by a country's economy in a year but includes income earned by citizens outside the country

Answer 39

Gross national product

Question 40

Divides the GNP by the population of the country

Answer 40

GNP per capita

Question 41

Figure like GNP except it takes into consideration what people can buy using their income in the local economy

Answer 41

Purchasing Power Parity

Question 42

Mathematical formula that measures the amount of economic inequality in a society

Answer 42

Gini index

Question 43

Measures the well being of a country's people by factoring in adult literacy, life expectancy, educational enrollment, and GDP

Answer 43

Human development index