Main Presenting Syndromes Part 1 Flashcards by Gabriele Paola Enriquez

this causes excess salivation and prevents the animal from swallowing.

drooling

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Causes of drooling are the ff. except: (2 answers)
1.Bacterial or viral lesion in mouth
2.Actinobacillosis : wooden tongue
3. Abomasal ulcer
4. necrotic laryngitis /calf diphtheria
5. Foreign bodies
6.Interference wigh swallowing
7. Nerve paralysis (5th, 7th)
8.Dilation and diverticulum of esophagus
9.Poisoning (lead, rhododendron, OP)
10.Acute photosensitization
11.Acute dyspnea
12. Acute gut obstruction
13. Esophageal choke
14. Acute anaphylactic shock
15. Heat stress

11 & 12

3 - vomiting
12 - Acute abdominal pain

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actinobacillosis under drooling is treated with?

broad spectrum antibiotics (ex. penicillin)

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causative agent of calf diphtheria

Fusobacterium necrophorum (COMMON INHABITANT, commensal) pero nagproliferate if nasugatan sa larynx area

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T/F Necrotic laryngitis generally affects growing 5 mos beef cattle

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what stage of heat stress:
-Elevated HR with flank involvement
-Open mouth breathing with protruding tongue
-Provide: Cold compress, ice water bath, etc.
Shower/sprinkler

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what stage of heat stress:
-Animals may group together
-Slight drooling
-Elevated RR

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what stage of heat stress:
-Increased RR /tachyp
-Restless
-Animal stands

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what stage of heat stress:
-Open mouth breathing

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What stage of heat stress:
-Labored breathing
-Decreased HR
-Open mouth breathing with protruding tongue
-Head down
-slight drooling/Not necessarily drooling
-elevated RR
-Isolation from herd
Ex. Head down, under the shade

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What stage of heat stress: (alarming)
-Excess drooling or foaming
-Increased HR
-Animals stand & restless
Ddx: FMD, captive churva

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3 other causes or diseases that may present drooling.

FMD, (excessive salivation)
Dysphagia (backward water flow)
Ephemeral fever (3-day fever)

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causes of vomiting in cattle (hint: PEAA)

Plant poisoning
Esophageal foreign body
Abomasal ulcer
Acute bloat or esophageal dilatation

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common causes (7Fs) of acute abdominal pain in cattle

-Fat
-Fetus
-Feces
-Food
-Excess, particularly grains
-Fluid
-Flatus
-FB

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causes of acute abdominal pain in cattle (hint: AAACP)

-Acute gut obstruction:
-Acute enteritis
-Acute fermentative colic
Calculus in the ureter
Photosensitization involving teats

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under acute gut obstruction, the ff are included except: (1 only)
1. abomasal torsion
2.torsion of cecum, colon or ileum
3.strangulated mesenteric hernia
4.strangulated scrotal hernia
5.intussusception
6.obstruction of ileum
7. excessive feeding

under siya ng acute fermentative colic

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In Photosensitization involving teats, what organ poisoning is associated?

liver

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in acute abdominal distention, what appearance of the cattle’s quadrants is observed?

papple
Lundo sa upper right quadrant - pear
Left side rounded - apple

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part of stomach that is found in the upper left side of the animal

rumen

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distended ang upper left portion ng body - what is it called?

ruminal distension

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category of abdominal distension wherein there is dilatation and/or torsion of abomasum
-abomasal (true stomach) displacement

abomasal distension

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category of abdominal distension wherein there is acute tympanitic fermentative intestinal colic
-torsion of cecum and colon

intestinal distension

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-acute diffuse peritonitis
-peritoneal tympany
Associated with surgery
Aseptic peritoneum → sepsis
Very apple na
Due to infexn, trauma,

peritoneal distension

Associated in vagus/cranial nerve indigestion,
dietary ruminal impaction, acute ruminal tympany, Rumen atony

ruminal distension

hydrops amnion and allantois

uterine distension

in Anterior thoracic or abdominal pain, the following are the areas of interest EXCEPT: (2 ans) -Lungs -Mediastinum -Heart -Pleural cavity -Small intestine -Cecum -Rumen -Reticulum -Omasum -Abomasum -Liver, gall-bladder -Spleen -Omentum

Small intestine, cecum

normal position? of a cow/bull's hindlimb that is not in pain

dorsiflexion

complete the missing info (ACUTE) Increase HR - Increase T__ --> complete inappetence - R______ & R____A__ --> t____ & t____ absence of ruminal movement --> c____ & abdominal pain (w/n 24-48hrs)

Temp reticular & ruminal atony Impaction and tympany constipation

Signs of Thoracic or Abdominal Pain: normal back and protruding neck -disinclination to stand. T/F

F - arched back, lie down instead of stand

You observed: spontaneous grunting during movement, defecation and micturition Is the animal in pain?

Yes

Pain in the thoracic area: stands hunched with elbows, abducted with +/- grunting T/F?

F - Pain in GIT dapat

what test do you use to check for pain under Anterior thoracic or abdominal pain?

Withers (Scooch) Pinch Test [Dorsiflexion of the back and grunts or kicks]

complete the missing info (SUBACUTE) slightly depressed appetite and r_____ subnormal m__y___ --> localized ____ --> (causes) -penetration of involuted u___ or v____f____ -perforation of a___ u___ -t____ peritonitis

rumination milk yield peritonitis uterus or vaginal fornix abomasal ulcer tubercular

Other Causes of Anterior thoracic or abdominal pain (dami potek)

-Bacterial endocarditis -Pneumonia and pleurisy -Abomasal impaction -Painful conditions of the liver -Pyelonephritis -Omasal impaction -Diaphragmatic hernia -Uterine torsion Traumatic reticulitis -Ruminal tympany -Tetanus -Laminitis - due to toxins traveling via small capillaries -Injury to cervical vertebrae

Chronic bloat causes partial obstruction to the escape of gas from the rumen (motility & tone are abnormal) T/F

F - normal dapat

chronic bloat does not cause SUDDEN DEATH t/f

F - can cause

frothy bloat usually due to excess consumption of succulents, high grain diet/ legumes or genetics t/f

what can you use to treat primary bloat?

Mineral oil, coconut oil Baking soda, water and drench

free gas bloat is due to foreign obstructions. T/F

bloat only affects OLD animals T/f

F- affects both

what is affected/causes in secondary bloat?

nerve pathway impairment / Problem in innervations lesions to the reticulum wall

Other causes of chronic bloat:

-Reticulitis -Peritonitis -Acidosis -Vagus indigestion -Anything that damages this -Tetanus Neurotoxins Septicemic Affect motility of rumen -Drinking cold water -Botulism -Esophageal wall lesions -Diaphragmatic hernia

Primary liver diseases (hint: AHCC)

Abscessation hepatic necrosis Cholecystitis Cirrhosis

cirrhosis happens to high milk producing animals T/F

what does DDD stands for?

diarrhea, dehydration death

clinical signs of liver damage

-Lethargy -Slow weight loss -Anemia -Low-grade or acute abdominal pain -Massive abdominal hemorrhage -Ascites -Abdominal distension -Chronic venous congestion -Ataxia -Ventral edema -Photosensitization -Endocarditis -Encephalopathy -Dyspnea with pulmonary thrombosis -Massive nasal hemorrhage -Jaundice

Dehydrated animal’s manure characteristics - Not common in PH since di sagana sa hay and adequate water is given

crumbly, pelleted, stone-like (fecalolith), difficult to void,

Dehydrated animal’s manure characteristics - Not common in PH since di sagana sa hay and adequate water is given

crumbly, pelleted, stone-like (fecalolith), difficult to void,

constipation is due to:

-Unsuitable fibrous diet -Insufficient water intake -External pressure on the gut (e.g. fat necrosis, lymphosarcoma, adhesions) -Pain (postoperative, injured back, injured anus and rectum) -Weakness or paresis (milk fever, broken back) -Poisons (lead) -Pyrexia -Anemia (fluke, piroplasmosis) -Ketosis -Hypocalcemia

acute diarrhea can be caused by:

-Toxemic conditions - Acute septicemic disease -Viral diseases -Plant poisons and chemical poisons - parasites

acute diarrhea: examples of toxemic conditions

peritonitis, acute mastitis

acute diarrhea: examples of Acute septicemic disease

anthrax, pasteurellosis, salmonellosis

acute diarrhea: examples of Viral diseases

malignant catarrhal fever, bovine rotavirus, coronavirus,

acute diarrhea examples of plant and chemical poisons

arsenic, organophosphates

acute diarrhea examples of parasitic conditions

Coccidiosis, cryptosporidiosis