Main ideas of Liberalism Flashcards
What developments from the latter half of the 20th century can not be explained by realism?
- decline in conflict
- rise in democracy
- the growth in world trade
- the growth in the number of intergovernmental organisations
Decline in conflict:
How much have the number of deaths in battle fallen?
1951 - 600,000
2006 - 10,000
Decline in conflict:
How did the nature of conflcit change?
from: inter-state conflict (war between states)
to: intra-state conflict or civil war
The rise in democracy:
By 2006, how much of all countries had become democracies?
1/2
The rise in democracy:
What does democratic peace theory teach us?
no 2 democracies have ever been to war with each other
The growth in world trade:
Show the growth in worldwide exports.
1960 - $629 million
2010 - $30 trillion
The growth in world trade:
What does the growth in world trade suggest?
states are becoming increasingly interdependent
The growth in world trade:
What are the implications of states possibly becoming increasingly independent?
- thought to reduce the potential for conflict between them
- states will not risk conflict if it jeopardises the sale of exports and supply of goods
The growth in number of intergovernmental organisations:
What did the post-war era witness? What are there examples are?
a burgeoning of international organisations
e.g. UN, EU, NATO, IMF, ICC
The growth in number of intergovernmental organisations:
What does this illustrate a desire of?
a desire on the part of states to co-operate rather than go to war with each other
POSSIBILITY OF HARMONY AND BALANCE
What realist assumption about unitary actors do liberals reject?
the assumptions that states are unitary actors
POSSIBILITY OF HARMONY AND BALANCE
What do liberals claim about states’ interests? What does this mean?
liberals claim that states’ interest reflect the plurality of interests in a state
possibility that states’ interest change according to which political groups the executive and legislature
POSSIBILITY OF HARMONY AND BALANCE
What is the international system characterised by?
cooperation
POSSIBILITY OF HARMONY AND BALANCE
What is the liberal view of war? What does this mean is possible in the international system?
States have a choice
Conflict is not inevitable
characterised by cooperation
POSSIBILITY OF HARMONY AND BALANCE
What evidence suggests the international system is characterised by cooperation?
many international institutions emerged in the post-war era
their express purpose of preventing WW3