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ANAT 315 > Main Groups > Flashcards

Main Groups Flashcards

1
Q

Joints of Pelvic Girdle

A

-Pubic symphysis joint

-Sacroiliac joint

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2
Q

Ligaments of Pelvic Girdle (4)

A

-Sacroiliac ligament
-Sacrospinous ligament
-Inguinal ligament
-Sacrotuberous ligament *posterior

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3
Q

Supporting Ligaments of Pelvic Girdle (3 + 1 + 1)

A

-Iliofemoral ligament (prevents hyper-extension)
-Pubofemoral ligament (prevents excessive abduction)
-Ischiofemoral ligament (prevents hyper-extension)
-Ligamentum teres (helps keep femoral head into acetabulum)
-Anococcygeal ligament

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4
Q

Pelvic Diaphragm Muscles (2)

A

-Ischiococcygeus
-Levator ani *group of 3 muscles

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5
Q

Lateral Rotator Muscles (6)

A

-Piriformis
-Gemellus superior
-Obturator internus
-Gemellus inferior
-Quadratus femoris
-Obturator externus *anterior

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6
Q

Gluteal Muscles (4)

A

-Gluteus Maximus
-Gluteus medius
-Gluteus minimis
-Tenor fasciae latae

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7
Q

Anterior Compartment Thigh Muscles (7)

A

-Iliopsoas (psoas and iliacus)
-Sartorius
-Rectus femoris
-Vastus lateralis
-Vastus medialis
-Vastus intermedius *deep
*last 4= quadriceps group

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8
Q

Medial Compartment Thigh Muscles (5)

A

Superficial:
-Pectineus
-Adductor longus
-Gracilis

Deep:
-Adductor brevis
-Adductor magnus (adductor part and hamstring part)

*adductor hiatus forms at bottom

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9
Q

Posterior Thigh Muscles (3)

A

-Biceps femoris (long head and short head)
-Semitendinosus
-Semimembranosus

*form hamstring group, 4 total muscles with 2 heads of biceps femoris

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10
Q

Pes Anserinus/Goose’s Foot (3)

A

Combined 3 muscle tendons insert on medial proximal tibia

-Sartorius (anterior)
-Gracilis (medial)
-Semitendinosus (posterior)

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11
Q

Femoral Triangle Contents

A

-Femoral nerve
-Femoral artery
-Femoral vein
-Lymph nodes

*femoral sheath contains nerve/artery/vein, femoral canal contains lymph nodes

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12
Q

Femoral Triangle Boundaries

A

Superior= Inguinal ligament
Lateral= sartorius
Medial= pectineus and adductor longus

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13
Q

Anterior Compartment Leg Muscles (4)

A

-Tibialis anterior
-Extensor hallicus longus
-Extensor digitorum longus
-Peroneus tertius

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14
Q

Lateral Compartment Leg Muscles (2)

A

-Peroneus longus
-Peroneus brevis

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15
Q

Posterior Compartment Leg- Superficial Muscles (3)

A

-Gastrocnemius
-Soleus
-Plantaris

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16
Q

Posterior Compartment Leg- Deep Muscles (4)

A

-Popliteus
-Tibialis posterior
-Flexor digitorum longus
-Flexor hallicus longus

17
Q

Popliteal Fossa (4 Borders)

A

Superiomedial- semimembranosus
Superolateral- biceps femoris (long head)
Inferomedial- gastrocnemius (medial head)
Inferolateral- gastrocnemius (lateral head), plantaris, popliteus

*Floor= posterior femur and tibia

18
Q

Popliteal Fossa Contents (5)

A

-Tibial nerve
-Fibular nerve
-Popliteal artery
-Popliteal vein
-Deep popliteal lymph nodes

19
Q

Blood Supply- Thigh (6 Arteries)

A

-External iliac artery
-Femoral artery
-Profunda femoris
-Medial circumflex femoral artery *posterior
-Lateral circumflex femoral artery *anterior
-Popliteal artery

*from top to bottom

20
Q

Blood Supply- Knee/Leg (7 Arteries)

A

-Popliteal artery
-Geniculate arteries
-Posterior tibial recurrent artery
-Anterior tibial artery
-Anterior tibial recurrent artery
-Posterior tibial artery
-Fibular artery

*popliteal fossa contains all seen at posterior knee (not anterior recurrent or fibular)

*from top to bottom

21
Q

Blood Supply- Foot (7 Arteries)

A

Dorsum:
-Dorsalis pedis artery
-Lateral tarsal artery
-Arcuate artery
-Deep plantar artery

Plantar:
-Deep plantar arch
-Lateral plantar artery
-Medial plantar artery

*AT artery connects dorsum side, PT artery connects plantar side at back

22
Q

Venous Drainage- Foot (2)

A

-Dorsal venous network
-Plantar venous network

*AT vein connects dorsal, PT vein connects plantar side at back of foot/leg

23
Q

Venous Drainage- Leg + Thigh (9 Veins)

A

-Anterior tibial veins
-Great saphenous vein (most medial, goes up whole leg)
-Posterior tibial veins
-Geniculate veins
-Popliteal vein
-Femoral vein
-Medial circumflex femoral vein
-Lateral circumflex femoral vein
-External iliac vein

*bottom to top

24
Q

Innervation: Lumbosacral Plexus (Thigh Supply- 3 Nerves)

A

-Femoral nerve (L2-L4 Lumbar) *supplies anterior
-Obturator nerve (L2-L4 Lumbar) *supplies medial
-Sciatic nerve (L4-S3 Sacral) *supplies posterior

25
Q

Innervation- Leg and Foot (2)

A

-Tibial nerve (motor= posterior leg + majority of foot, sensory= posterior leg + sole of foot)

-Fibular/Peroneal nerve (motor= anterior and lateral leg + medial foot, sensory= lateral leg + dorsum of foot)

*sciatic nerve splits into the two at the knee

26
Q

Ligaments of Ankle (4)

A

Medial:
-Deltoid ligament

Lateral:
-Anterior talofibular
-Posterior talofibular
-Calcaneofibular

27
Q

Arches of Foot (3)

A

-Medial longitudinal arch
-Lateral longitudinal arch
-Transverse arch

28
Q

Arches of Foot Supporting Structures (4)

A

-Plantar aponeurosis
-Spring ligament (or plantar calcaneonavicular ligament) *only medial arch
-Long plantar ligament
-Short plantar ligament

29
Q

Muscles of the Foot- Dorsum (3 Extrinsic, 2 Intrinsic)

A

Extrinsic:
-Extensor hallicus longus (EHL)
-Extensor digitorum longus (EDL)
-Tibialis anterior (TA)

Intrinsic:
-Extensor digitorum brevis (EDB)
-Extensor hallicus brevis (EHB)

*extensor retinaculum (ER) over top

30
Q

Muscles of the Foot- Plantar (5 Extrinsic, 4 Layers of Intrinsic)

A

Extrinsic:
-Peroneus longus
-Peroneus brevis
-Tibialis posterior*
-Flexor digitorum longus*
-Flexor hallicus longus*

*Tom, Dick and Harry on medial side

31
Q

Layers of Intrinsic Foot Muscles

A

Layer 1:
-Abductor digiti minimi
-Flexor digitorum brevis
-Abductor hallicus

Layer 2:
-Quadratus plantae (attached to digitorum)
-Flexor digitorum longus post.tendon
-Lumbricals (coming off FDL tendon)
-Flexor hallicus longus tendon

Layer 3:
-Flexor digiti minimi
-Adductor hallicus (transverse head)
-Adductor hallicus (oblique head)
-Flexor hallicus brevis

Layer 4:
-Dorsal and plantar interossei

32
Q

Tarsal Tunnel

A

Tom Dick And Very Nervous Harry

-Tibialis posterior *muscle
-Flexor digitorum longus *muscle
-Posterior tibial artery and vein
-Tibial nerve
-Flexor hallicus longus *mucle

*order from closest to medial malleolus to calcaneus

33
Q

2 Joints at Ankle

A

-Talocrural joint (tibiotalur joint): synovial hinge joint, plantar flexion/dorsiflexion

-Subtalar joint: synovial plane joint, inversion/eversion

ANAT 315 (3 decks)

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