Lower Limb O/I/A Flashcards
Ischiococcygeus
O: sacrum
I: ischial spine
A: support pelvic viscera
Levator ani
O: pubis, superior pubic ramus
I: anococcygeal ligament, coccyx
A: support pelvic viscera
Gluteus maximus
O: sacrum, ilium, thoracolumbar fascia, sacrotuberous ligament
I: iliotibial tract, gluteal tuberosity
A: extension, adduction and lateral rotation of the hip
Gluteus medius
O: ilium
I: greater trochanter (femur)
A: abduct hip
Gluteus minimis
O: ilium
I: greater trochanter (femur)
A: abduct hip
Tensor fasciae latae
O: ASIS
I: iliotibial tract
A: tenses fascia lata, abduct, flex and medially rotate hip
Piriformis
O: sacrum (pelvic surface)
I: greater trochanter (femur)
A: laterally rotate, abduct and extend hip
Obturator internus
O: obturator inner membrane
I: greater trochanter (femur)
A: laterally rotate, adduct and extend hip
Obturator externus
O: obturator outer membrane
I: trochanteric fossa (femur)
A: laterally rotate and adduct hip
Gemellus superior
O: ischial spine
I: greater trochanter (femur)
A: laterally rotate, adduct and extend hip
Gemellus inferior
O: ischial tuberosity
I: greater trochanter (femur)
A: laterally rotate, adduct and extend hip
Quadratus femoris
O: ischial tuberostiy
I: intertrochanteric crest (femur)
A: laterally rotate and adduct hip
Psoas major
O: T12-L5
I: lesser trochanter (femur)
A: flexes thigh at hip joint
Iliacus
O: iliac fossa
I: lesser trochanter (femur)
A: flexes thigh at hip joint
Sartorius
O: ASIS
I: medial surface of tibia
A: flex thigh at hip joint, flex leg at knee joint
Rectus femoris
O: anterior iliac spine
I: quadriceps femoris tendon
A: flex thigh at hip joint, extend leg at knee joint
Vastus lateralis
O: lateral intertrochanteric line of femur
I: lateral patella via quadriceps femoris tendon
A: extend leg at knee joint
Vastus medialis
O: medial intertrochanteric line of femur
I: medial patella via quadriceps femoris tendon
A: extend leg at knee joint
Vastus intermedius
O: upper 2/3 of anterior and lateral femur
I: lateral patella via quadriceps femoris tendon
A: extend leg at knee joint
Gracilis
O: inferior pubic ramus, ischial ramus
I: medial surface of tibia
A: adduct thigh at hip joint, flex leg at knee joint
Pectineus
O: pectineal line
I: pectineal line of femur
A: adduct and flex thigh at hip joint
Adductor longus
O: pubis (external surface)
I: linea aspera (femur)
A: adduct and medially rotate thigh at hip joint
Adductor brevis
O: pubis (external surface), inferior pubic ramus
I: posterior femur, upper 1/3 linea aspera
A: adduct and medially rotate thigh at hip joint
Adductor magnus: adductor part
O: ischiopubic ramus
I: posterior proximal femur, linea aspera, medial supracondylar line
A: adduct and medially rotate thigh at hip joint
Adductor magnus: hamstring part
O: ischial tuberosity
I: supracondylar line
A: adduct and medially rotate thigh at hip joint
Biceps femoris: long head
O: ischial tuberosity
I: lateral condyle of tibia, head of fibula
A: flex knee, laterally rotate tibia, extend hip
IN: sciatic nerve- tibial nerve
Biceps femoris: short head
O: linea aspera
I: lateral condyle of tibia, head of fibula
A: flex knee, medially rotate tibia
IN: sciatic nerve- common fibular nerve
Semitendinosous
O: ischial tuberosity
I: medial proximal tibia
A: flex knee, medially rotate tibia, extend hip
IN: sciatic nerve- tibial nerve
Semimembranosus
O: ischial tuberosity
I: medial condyle of tibia
A: flex knee, medially rotate tibia, extend hip
IN: sciatic nerve- tibial nerve
Tibialis anterior
O: upper 2/3 of lateral tibia and interosseous membrane
I: medial cuneiform and base of 1st metatarsal
A: dorsiflexion and inversion
Extensor digitorum longus
O: lateral tibial condyle, head and medial surface of fibula, interosseous membrane
I: base of distal phalanx digits 2-5
A: dorsiflexion and extension of digits 2-5
Extensor hallicus longus
O: middle 1/3 of medial fibula, interosseous membrane
I: base of distal phalanx of hallux
A: dorsiflexion and extension of hallux
Peroneus tertius
O: anterior border of distal fibula
I: base of 5th metatarsal
A: dorsiflexion and eversion
Peroneus longus
O: head and proximal 2/3 lateral fibula
I: medial cuneiform and base of 1st metatarsal
A: plantar flexion and eversion
Peroneus brevis
O: distal 1/2 of lateral fibula
I: base of 5th metatarsal
A: plantar flexion and eversion
Gastrocnemius (medial and lateral head)
O: medial and lateral epicondyle of femur
I: calcaneal tuberosity via calcaneal tendon
A: knee flexion and plantar flexion
Soleus
O: posterior fibular head and neck, soleal line of tibia
I: calcaneal tuberosity via calcaneal tendon
A: plantar flexion
Plantaris
O: lateral epicondyle of femur
I: calcaneal tuberosity via calcaneal tendon
A: knee flexion and plantar flexion
Popliteus
O: lateral femoral condyle and lateral meniscus
I: posterior tibial surface
A: “unlocks” and stabilizes knee joint
Tibialis posterior
O: interosseus membrane and borders of tibia and fibula
I: navicular, cuneiforms, base of 2-4th metatarsals
A: plantar flexion and inversion
Flexor digitorum longus
O: middle 1/3 posterior tibia
I: base of 2-5th distal phalanges
A: plantar flexion, inversion and flexion of digits 2-5
Flexor hallicus longus
O: distal 2/3 of posterior fibula, interosseus membrane
I: base of distal phalanx of hallux
A: plantar flexion, inversion and flexion of hallux
