Main Flashcards
1
Q
Power Management Specifications
A
ACPI/APM
2
Q
Microsoft .exe with detailed system information?
A
msinfo32. exe
systeminfo. exe
3
Q
BIOS Extensions are also known as?
A
Option ROM
4
Q
ACPI
A
Advanced configuration and power interface: industry spec for power consumption handling in desktop and mobile pcs.
5
Q
APM
A
Advanced power management: legacy API which allows an OS to work with the BIOS to manage power.
6
Q
OSs communicate with hardware via?
A
BIOS and device drivers.
7
Q
Chassis Intrusion Detection requires?
A
Requires BIOS support plus case sensor.
8
Q
PCI
A
Synced with CPU clock-speed, 32bit/128pin and 64bit/188 pin config, 33/66 MHz clock speeds, 133/533 MB/s, parallel bus.
9
Q
PCI-x
A
1064 MB/s, 64 bit, parallel
10
Q
PCIe gen.x
A
Starts at a 1/4 GB x1 and 4 GB x 16 for generation 1. Each subsequent generation doubles the throughput.
11
Q
PCIe 1.x
A
x1 250 MB/s
x16 4 GB/s
12
Q
PCIe 2.x
A
x1 500 MB/s
x16 8 GB/s
13
Q
PCIe 3.x
A
x1 985 GB/s
x16 15.75 15.75 GB/s
14
Q
PCIe 4.x
A
x1 1.969 GB/s
x16 31.51 GB/s
15
Q
PGA
A
Pin grid array. Pins are on the CPU.
16
Q
LGA
A
Land grid array. Pins are on the motherboard socket.
17
Q
BIOS managed permanent memory types?
A
ROM and PROM
18
Q
SRAM
A
Static RAM that is typically used in CPU memory caches. Faster and more expensive than DRAM.
19
Q
Speed of modern system buses?
A
In the MHz, a single clock cycle is a single tick of the system clock.
20
Q
SDRAM
A
Synchronous Dynamic RAM: synced with the system clock and requires periodic electrical refreshing.
21
Q
SDR SDRAM
A
Single Data Rate SDRAM: 1 word per clock cycle, 168 pin DIMMs.
22
Q
DDR SDRAM
A
Double Data Rate SDRAM: 2 processes per clock cycle, 184 pin DIMMs, 200 pin SO DIMMs, 172 pin Micro DIMMs.
23
Q
Bus Width of DDR Memory?
A
Bytes/second = MHz speed of module * 8 bytes
24
Q
DDR2 SDRAM
A
4 processes/clock, 240 pin DIMMs, 200 pin SO DIMMs, 214 pin micro-DIMMs
25
DDR3 SDRAM
Used 30% less power than DDR2, 240 pin DIMM, 204 pin SO DIMM, 8 words/clock, up the 16 GB modules, supports 3 and 4 channel
26
WORM
Write once, read many.
27
RDIMM
Registered DIMM: more expensive, uses additional circuitry for stability and accuracy.
28
Single Sided Memory Modules
Can have chips on both sides.
29
Static RAM
Is a type of volatile memory that doesn't require electrical refreshment.
30
DVD Single Side/Single Layer
4.7 GB
31
DVD Single Side/Double Layer
8.5 GB
32
DVD Double Side/Single Layer
9.4 GB
33
DVD Double Side/Double Layer
17.08 GB, rare format
34
BD Single Layer
25 GB
35
BD Double Layer
50 GB
36
Mini BD Single Layer
7.8 GB
37
Mini BD Double Layer
15.6 GB
38
Hot Swappable Drive Types
USB, Firewire, SATA, eSATA (not IDE, PATA)
39
Most common secondary Phone/Tablet Storage Media Type
eMMC (embedded Multi Media Controller)
40
Nested (Hybrid) RAID
Combination of two or more of the standard RAID levels to gain performance, additional redundancy or both.
41
RAID 1
Mirroring: requires >= 2 discs, fault tolerance is 1/2 of the discs, hw/sw RAID allows for implementation on one drive.
42
RAID 0
Striping: requires >= 2 discs, cannot tolerate the failure of any disc, hw/sw.
43
RAID 5
Striping with Parity: requires >= 3 drives, business and Enterprise server RAID, can tolerate one drive failure, how swapping, slow writing.
44
RAID 10 (1+0)
Stripe of Mirrors: requires >= 4 drives, fault tolerance of 2 or 1/2 of the drives as long as the drives in fault aren't mirrors, hw/sw (best with hw).
45
RAID Levels 2, 3, 4, 7, 0+1
Variations of primary RAID types.
46
RAID 6
Striping with Parity: Enterprise, one additional parity block, fault tolerance of 2 discs, requires >= 3 discs.
47
ASIC
Application Specific Integrated Circuit
48
Name of Intel virtualization HW Enhancements?
VT-X
49
USB 1.1
Full Speed USB:
50
Max number of devices supported by a USB Host Controller?
127
51
Max USB device cable length?
5 meters for high speed devices and 3 meters for low speed devices.
52
VGA connectors are also know as?
DB-15, PE-15, HD-15 (3 row, 15 pin)
53
S/PDIF
S/Phillips Digital Interconnect Format: comes in fiber and coax configurations.
54
DVI-d
Digital only.
55
DVI-i
Digital and analog.
56
TRS Connectors
Ancient cylindrical phone and audio connector types with multiple circular contact points. Very common.
57
SATA
15 pin power, 7 pin data.
58
Max eSATA cable length?
2 meters.
59
S-Video
Separate video, video only, standard definition, lower color resolution than component.
60
VGA
video, analog only.
61
HDMI
19 pin, Type A
62
15 pin ATX power connector voltages?
+3.3v, +5v, +12v
63
AC Current?
110-120v US/Canada
| 220-240 World
64
IEEE 802.3
Wired Ethernet protocol.
65
CPU power is supplied by?
4/8 pin 12v connector.
66
Additional GPU power comes from?
PCIe 6/8 pin for 75/150 watts.
67
Mobo ATX connector has?
20 pins
68
Virtual printing formats?
XPS and PDF
69
LPT is a?
Legacy parallel printer port
70
Print sharing can be done over which wired connection types?
USB, parallel, Ethernet, serial.
71
Plenum rated cable jackets are made from?
PVC (polyvinyl chloride) or FEP (fluoridated ethylene polymer).
72
RGB/RG59 are?
Coaxial cables.
73
IPv4 address length?
32 bit
74
10.000-10.255.255.255
Private class, non-routable, 23 bit block
75
APIPA
Automatic private IP addressing.
Windows function that provides DHCP autoconfiguration addressing. APIPA assigns a class B IP address from 169.254.0.0 to 169.254.255.255 to the client when a DHCP server is either permanently or temporarily unavailable.
76
IPv6 address length?
128 bit.
77
IPv6 Link Local address has prefix?
FE8::/16
78
Cables that protect against EMI?
STP, coaxial, fiber
79
CIDR Notation
Classless inter-domain routing notation, suffix indicates the number of bits in the prefix.
Ex. 192.168.2.0/24
80
Socket T
Intel LGA 775 (775 pins)
81
Names of Intel and AMD NxBit Technology?
No Execute Bit
Intel: XD bit (execute disable)
AMD: EVP (enhanced virus protection)
protects programmatic storage space within RAM
82
Socket H2
Intel LGA 1155, replaced LGA 1156
83
Socket H/H1
Intel LGA 1156, replaced LGA 775
84
Socket B
Intel LGA 1366, replaced LGA 775
85
Socket H3
Intel LGA 1150, replaced 1155
86
Socket R
Intel LGA 2011, replaced 1366
87
Back Side Bus (BSB)
Bus between CPU and internal memory.
88
Frontside Bus (FSB)
Bus between the northbridge and the CPU.
89
Socket Fm2
AMD PGA 904
90
Socket Fm2+
AMD PGA 905
91
Socket AM3
AMD PGA 941
92
Socket FM1
AMD PGA 905
93
Socket AM3+
AMD PGA 942
94
USB 1.1
Full speed, 1.5 (low speed, for peripherals) and 12 Mbps (Full Speed for primary devices), Type A (common) and B connectors (square with round top).
95
USB 2.0
Hi Speed, widespread, <= 480 Mbps
| Type A, Type B, Micro A (mini type A), Micro B, Mini A, Mini B
96
USB 3.0
```
Super Speed:
<= 5120 Mbps
<= 10240 Mbps (2013 update)
Type A, type b, Micro A, Micro B
<= 3 meter cables
```
97
Max cable length for USB devices?
5 meters.
98
LGA 775 CPUs?
P4, Celeron D, P4 Extreme Edition, PD, P Extreme Edition, P Dual Core, C2Duo, C2Extreme Edition, C2Quad, Xeon, Celeron
99
IEEE 1394
<= 63 devices, plug and play, hot swapping, daisy chaining, <= 400 Mbps (100, 200, 400), 6 pin provides power,
100
IEEE 1394a
<= 4.5 meter cables, hot pluggable, 4/6/9 pin, <= 400 Mbps, serial
101
IEEE 1394b
Firewire 800, 9 pin provides power, <= 100 meter cables,
102
SATA 1.0 speed?
<= 1.5 Gbps
103
SATA 2.0 speed?
<= 3.0 Gbps
104
SATA 3.0 speed?
<= 6 Gbps
105
Thunderbolt Cable
Combines PCIe and mini display port (MDP) into one serial signal, <= 3M cable length for copper and <= 60M for fiber, uses USB Type C and MDP connectors, allows for PCIe, DC power and data from display Port devices.
106
Thunderbolt v1
2 channels, 10 Gbps ea, 20 total.
107
Thunderbolt v2
20 Gbps
108
Thunderbolt v3
40 Gbps
109
Dual Rail PSUs
PSUs with multiple +12v wires.
110
Hardware Requirements for a Custom Graphics (CAD) PC?
quality GPU, multi-core CP, max RAM
111
Hardware Requirements for a Audio/Video Editing PC?
Sound card, dual monitors, GPU, hi capacity fast HD
112
Hardware Requirements for a Virtual Server PC?
Max RAM, multi-core CPU
113
Hardware Requirements for a Gaming PC?
Multi-core CPU, GPU, cooling, sound card
114
Hardware Requirements for a Home Theater PC?
TV tuner, surround audio, HDMI out, small mobo form factor, Gigabit NIC, HDD with RAID
115
xGA
Extended graphics array, standard 1024x768, 4:3
116
16:10 and 16:9 are?
Widescreen formats.
117
SXGA
Super extended graphics array: 1280x1024, 5:4
118
UXGA
Ultra extended graphics array: 1600x1200, 4:3
119
WUXGA
Widescreen ultra extended graphics array: 1920x1200, 16:10
120
TN Panels
Fastest response times,
121
OLED
higher contrast and color quality,
122
Aspect Ratio
relative horizontal and vertical ratios of an image.
123
POS printers use?
Thermal tech?
124
Impact printers use?
Tractor feeds
125
Dot Matrix can?
print multi-part forms.
126
GDI
Graphical device interface: Windows component that represents graphical objects and sends them for output to devices.
127
Parallel Printer Port Op Modes?
ECP, EPP, ext capability mode
128
Network Protocols that improve remote printing?
IPP, LPD/LPR
129
Wifi Printer Sharing occurs over?
BlueT, 802.11x, Infrared
130
Fiber Connector Types?
LC, ST, SC
131
Multimode Fiber?
Multimode fiber optic cable has a large diametral core that allows multiple modes of light to propagate. Because of this, the number of light reflections created as the light passes through the core increases, creating the ability for more data to pass through at a given time. Because of the high dispersion and attenuation rate with this type of fiber, the quality of the signal is reduced over long distances. This application is typically used for short distance.
132
Single Mode Fiber?
Single Mode fiber optic cable has a small diametral core that allows only one mode of light to propagate. Because of this, the number of light reflections created as the light passes through the core decreases, lowering attenuation and creating the ability for the signal to travel further. This application is typically used in long distance
133
Cat 3
UTP
Voice grade
10 Mbps 16 MHz
10BaseT
134
Cat 5
UTP
100 Mbps 100 MHz
2/4 pairs of twisted wires, enabled for Fast Ethernet.
135
Cat 6
UTP and STP
1000 Mbps 250 MHz
Better insulation and thinner wires,
backward compatible with 5/5e.
136
Cat6a
STP
| 10,000 Mbps 500 Mhz, require special connectors.
137
Cat 5e
```
UTP
1000 Mbps 100 MHz
optimized to reduce crosstalk,
4/4 twisted pairs of wires used for Fast Ethernet,
backward compatible
with Cat5
```
138
Cat 7
STP
Class F
10,000 (10 Gbps) and 600 MHz
SSTP (screened, shielded twisted pair)
139
TP Cabling?
Twisted pair cabling is paired and twisted to reduce cross talk.
140
ITP Port #
21
| Interactive Terminal Protocol
141
SSH
Secure Shell
| 22
142
Telnet
23
143
SMTP
25
| Typically used for sending e-mail.
144
DNS
53
145
HTTP
80
146
POP3
110
| Typically used for receiving e-mail by downloading to a local client.
147
IMAP
143
| Typically used for viewing e-mail by connecting to a mail server.
148
SNMP
161
| Simple Network Management Protocol
149
IRC
194
150
HTTPS
443
151
RDP
3389 for TCP and UDP
152
Netbios
137, 138, 139
153
SMB
445
| Server Message Block
154
SLP
427
| Service Location Protocol
155
AFP
548/427
| Apple Filing Protocol
156
Manual configuration of NICs requires?
IP address, subnet, default gateway, dns server (not SSID).
157
FTP
Port 20 for data, 21 for establishing connection
158
Windows servers use Netbios to?
Resolve and translate hostnames to ip addresses.
159
NetBT
Netbios over TCP/IP
160
LDAP
Lightweight directory access protocol.
An open, vendor-neutral, industry standard application protocol for accessing and maintaining distributed directory information services over an Internet Protocol (IP) network.
161
TCP/IP
Connection oriented 3-way handshakes.
162
UDP
User data-gram protocol, connectionless
163
802.11a
1.5-54 Mbps
5 GHz band
CSMA/CA (carrier sense multiple access/collision avoidance)
164
802.11b
<= 11 Mbps
2.4 GHz
CSMA/CA
165
802.11g
<= 54 Mbps
2.4 GHz
CSMA/CA
166
802.11n
>= 54 Mbps <= 600 Mbps
2.4/5 GHz
MIMO antennas
CSMA/CA
167
802.11ac
```
<= 1300 Mbps
5 GHz
wider 5 GHz channel
Multi User MIMO
CSMA/CA
```
168
AES
Symmetric block cipher chosen by the U.S. government to protect classified information and is implemented in software and hardware worldwide. Stronger and uses longer key lengths and enables faster encryption than DES and 3DES, making it ideal for software applications, firmware and hardware that require either low latency or high throughput, such as firewalls and routers. It is used in many protocols such as Secure Sockets Layer (SSL)/Transport Layer Security (TLS) and can be found in most modern applications and devices that need encryption functionality.
169
DES
Data Encryption Standard (DES), which became vulnerable to brute-force attacks.
170
SLP
Service Location Protocol: allows automated discovery of networked services on a LAN.
171
SNMP
Simple Network Management Protocol: collects information from and configures network devices such as servers, printers, hubs, switches, routers on an IP network.
172
File sharing network protocols?
FTP and AFP (apple filing protocol)
173
PSTN
Public switched telephone network aka POTS, plain old telephone service.
174
Satellite Internets connection speed is fast or slow?
Slow.
175
ISDN
Integrated Services Digital Network: allows simultaneous transmission of voice, video, data and additional network services.
176
How to harden an OS?
Disable unnecessary services, patch and update, fix configuration errors
177
Effects of disabling SSID broadcast?
Makes a WLAN harder to discover but isn't a security practice (I think it is)
178
What tools should you use to troubleshoot a WIFI signal loss?
Heat map and WAP power controls.
179
Function of CHKDSK /R switch?
Fixes disk errors.
180
CPU power connection is from which cable?
P4
181
Capacitor replacement reuires?
Mobo replacement.
182
Tools for isolating bad hardware?
POST card, loopback plug, PSU tester, multimeter.
183
Slow HDD performance is caused by?
file fragmentation and insufficient RAM
184
CLI tool for fixing the MBR, boot sector, BCD, etc?
bootrec.exe
185
Name of the CLI disk partitioning program on Windows?
DISKPART
186
Name of permanent display discoloration?
Burn-in.
187
Windows CLI program for domains, computers and shared resources?
NETVIEW
188
Windows CLI program for DNS queries?
NSLookup
189
How do you access Windows advanced boot options menu during boot?
F8
190
What is the type of common external laptop storage?
Flash
191
Internal drive types?
SSHDs, magnetic, SSD
192
Most common magnetic form factor?
2.5"
193
SSD form factors?
2.5/1.8"
194
Difference between docking stations and port replicators?
Docking stations offer additional capabilities/ports.
195
POST beeps for RAM failure?
Long continuous beep.
196
POST beeps for video card failure?
1 long, 2 short.
197
Symptoms of depleted toner?
Fading and blank pages (not ghosting).
198
When printing garbled characters are caused by?
Bad drivers not calibration.
199
Tools for cleaning inside a laser printer?
Toner vacuum, compressed air, cleaning brush.
200
Molex connectors use which voltages?
5/12v
| red/yellow
