Mahon (1 -

Question 1

Who is known as the father of protozoology and bacteriology?

Answer 1

Anton van Leeuwenhoek

Leeuwenhoek discovered microorganisms using a homemade microscope.

Question 2

What type of organisms are bacteria classified as?

Answer 2

Prokaryotes

Prokaryotes are characterized by the lack of a nuclear membrane and true nucleus.

Question 3

What structures do bacteria lack that differentiates them from eukaryotes?

Answer 3

• Nuclear membrane
• True nucleus
• Mitochondria
• Endoplasmic reticulum
• Golgi bodies

These absences are key characteristics of prokaryotic cells.

Question 4

What are eukaryotic parasites?

Answer 4

Organisms that live at the expense of their hosts

These can be unicellular or multicellular.

Question 5

What kingdom do protozoa belong to?

Answer 5

Kingdom Protista

Protozoa are unicellular organisms that obtain nutrition through ingestion.

Question 6

What are the three types of locomotive structures found in protozoa?

Answer 6

• Flagella
• Pseudopodia
• Cilia

These structures determine the motility of protozoan organisms.

Question 7

What type of nutrition do fungi obtain?

Answer 7

Absorption

Fungi are heterotrophic and cannot produce all of their nutrients.

Question 8

What are the filamentous structures that compose multicellular fungi called?

Answer 8

Hyphae

Hyphae interweave to form mats known as mycelia.

Question 9

How do yeasts reproduce?

Answer 9

Asexually

True yeasts do not form hyphae or mycelia.

Question 10

What distinguishes molds from yeasts?

Answer 10

Molds are filamentous and can reproduce both asexually and sexually

Yeasts are unicellular and primarily reproduce asexually.

Question 11

What is the typical size range of prokaryotic cells?

Answer 11

0.4-2 um in diameter; 0.5-5 um in length

This is much smaller compared to eukaryotic cells.

Question 12

In which part of prokaryotic cells is the chromosomal DNA located?

Answer 12

Nucleoid region of the cytosol

Prokaryotes lack a membrane-bound nucleus.

Question 13

What type of DNA is commonly found in gram-negative bacteria?

Answer 13

Plasmids

Plasmids carry genes for their own replication and can confer resistance to antimicrobial agents.

Question 14

What is the size of eukaryotic cells?

Answer 14

10-100 um in diameter; > 10 um in length

Eukaryotic cells are generally larger than prokaryotic cells.

Question 15

What type of ribosomes do prokaryotic cells have?

Answer 15

70S consisting of 50S and 30S subunits

This is smaller compared to the 80S ribosomes found in eukaryotic cells.

Question 16

What is the primary method of reproduction for prokaryotes?

Answer 16

Asexual (binary fission)

This method allows for rapid population growth.

Question 17

True or False: Eukaryotic cells have membrane-bound organelles.

Answer 17

True

Eukaryotic cells contain various membrane-bound organelles, unlike prokaryotic cells.