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XRAY 111. > Magnetism & Electromagnetism > Flashcards

Magnetism & Electromagnetism Flashcards

0
Q

Lines of force in space called flux

A

Magnetic field

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1
Q

The ability of a material to attract iron, cobalt, or nickel

A

Magnetism

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2
Q

Which way do the lines of flux travel on the inside of a magnet?

On the outside?

A

South Pole to North Pole

North Pole to South Pole

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3
Q

What happens when the lines of flux travel in the same direction?

Opposite direction?

A

Repel

Attract

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4
Q

What are magnetic fields distorted by?

What are magnetic fields unaffected by?

A

Magnetic materials

Non-magnetic materials

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5
Q

What are the 3 laws of magnetism?

A
  1. Every magnet has a North and South Pole
  2. Like poles repel each other and opposite poles attract each other
  3. Inverse square law
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6
Q

What are the 4 categories of magnetic properties?

A

Nonmagnetic
Diamagnetic
Paramagnetic
Ferromagnetic

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7
Q

Not attracted to magnetic fields (glass, wood, plastic)

A

Nonmagnetic

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8
Q

Repelled by magnetic field (water, mercury, gold)

A

Diamagnetic

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9
Q

Feebly attracted to magnetic fields (platinum, gadolinium)

A

Paramagnetic

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10
Q

Strongly attracted to magnetic fields (iron, cobalt, nickel)

A

Ferromagnetic

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11
Q

Electricity and magnetism forces

A

Electromagnetism

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12
Q

What are the 3 main types of magnets?

A

Natural magnets
Artificial/Permanent magnets
Electromagnets

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13
Q

Example: Refrigerator magnet

A

Artificial/permanent magnet

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14
Q

Is only a magnet when electricity is flowing through it

A

Electromagnet

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15
Q

What is the SI unit of magnetic field strength?

A

Tesla

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16
Q

What are some other ways to say ‘magnetic fields’?

A

Zone of influence
Lines of force
Magnetic flux

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17
Q

The more closely spaced magnetic fields are, what happens to them?

A

They become stronger

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18
Q

What creates a magnetic field?

A

Electricity

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19
Q

The branch of physics that deals with the relationship between electricity and magnetism

A

Electromagnetism

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20
Q

Which experiment demonstrates Lines of Force?

A

Davy’s

21
Q

When does a magnetic field exist around a wire?

A

When there is an electric current flowing

22
Q

What is another name for electromotive force?

A

Electric potential

23
Q

Higher voltage the higher potential to do work

A

Electrical potential

24
Q

A device that converts some form of energy directly into electric energy is said to be a source of _____.

A

Electromotive force (EMF)

25
Q

A coiled wire (helix)

A

Solenoid

26
Q

What will further intensify a magnetic field?

A

Inserting a magnetic material (iron) within solenoid

27
Q

Can magnetic field generate electricity?

A

Under certain conditions

28
Q

What is the first law of electromagnetic induction?

A

A moving magnetic field can create an electric current

29
Q

What happens when a wire is cut across the lines of a magnetic field?

A

Electricity is induced

30
Q

Which 4 factors determine induced electromotive force?

A

Speed
Strength
Angle
# of turns

31
Q

What are the 3 ways to induce an electromotive force,or voltage, in a wire?

A
  1. The wire may move across a stationary magnetic flux
  2. The magnetic flux may move across a stationary wire
  3. The magnetic flux may vary in strength while a stationary wire lies in it
32
Q

What is the diagnostic range for kVp?

A

30-150

33
Q

What is the 2nd law electromagnetic induction?

A

The induced current will flow in the opposite direction of the action that induces it

34
Q

What are the 2 types of induction?

A

Self-induction

Mutual induction

35
Q

Process by which the magnetic field of a coil induces a counter EMF in the coil itself

A

Self-Induction

36
Q

Which type of induction uses autotransformers?

A

Self-Induction

37
Q

Inducing a current flow through the secondary coil by passing a changing current through the primary coil

A

Mutual induction

38
Q

True or false. The first coil is always the primary coil.

A

True

39
Q

Electrical energy to mechanical energy

A

Electrical motors

40
Q

Mechanical energy to electrical energy

A

Generators

41
Q

What is essential to electromagnetic induction?

A

The intensity of the magnetic field at the coil must be changing to induce a current flow

42
Q

A device that changes an alternating current from low-voltage to high-voltage or from high-voltage to low-voltage

A

Transformers

43
Q

Are Transformers 100% effective?

A

Not normally.

Usually 90%-95%

44
Q

More turns in secondary coil than in primary coil

A

Step-up transformer

45
Q

Fewer turns in secondary coil than in primary coil

A

Step-down transformer

46
Q

If you increase the # of turns, what happens to voltage?

What happens to amperage?

A

Voltage increases

Amperage decreases

47
Q

If you decrease number of turns, what happens to voltage?

What happens to amperage?

A

Voltage decreases

Amperage increases

48
Q

What are the three types of transformers?

A

Closed core
Shell type
Autotransformer

49
Q

What are the 3 types of energy losses?

A

Resistance
Hysteresis
Eddy Currents

XRAY 111. (2 decks)

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