Electromagnetic Radiation Flashcards
Smallest quantity of any type of electromagnetic radiation
Photon
Never ending wave of energy
Energy continuum
Small bundle of energy; used to describe photons
Quantum
Which 3 characteristics fully describe a photon?
Velocity
Frequency
Wavelength
Are frequency and wavelength inversely or directly proportional?
Inversely
The speed of light; is constant
Velocity
How many cycles per second (Hertz)
Frequency
What type of wavelengths do x-rays have?
Frequencies?
Short wavelengths
&
High frequencies
Short wavelengths have ______ energy.
High
Higher frequencies have ________ wavelengths.
Shorter
What is the mathematical formula for velocity?
Velocity = frequency x wavelength
The distance between 2 successive crests in a wave
Wavelength
The number of crests or cycles per second; measured in hertz
Frequency
Are energy and frequency inversely or directly proportional?
Directly
What type of energy, frequency, and wavelength do gamma waves have?
Energy - Strongest
Frequency - Highest
Wavelength - Shortest
What type of energy, frequency, and wavelength do radiowaves have?
Energy - Lowest
Frequency - lowest
Wavelength - longest
What are the 3 types of electromagnetic spectrums?
Radio emissions
Visible light
Ionizing radiation
What are the 3 portions of electromagnetic spectrum that are most important to radiology?
Visible light
X-ray
High frequency radiowaves
Conditions under which radiographic or fluoroscopic image is viewed
Visible light
Low energies
Long wavelengths
Small frequencies
Radio emissions
Described in terms of frequency
Radio emissions
Described in terms of wavelength
Visible light
Occupies the smallest segment of the electromagnetic spectrum
Visible light
Is characterized by energy (of the photon)
Ionizing radiation
What is the distinction between x-rays and gamma rays?
Origin
Man-made
X-rays
Are naturally made
Gamma rays
Is measured in angstroms (A°)
The wavelength of an x-ray
Electromagnetic radiation with sufficient energy to remove electrons
Ionizing radiation
What are the 3 comparisons of the electromagnetic spectrum areas?
- Photons react differently with matter due to the differences in frequency & wavelength
- Visible light photons tend to exhibit more wave nature than particle
- Photon of x-ray tend to exhibit more like particle(energy) than waves
Phenomenon when photons exhibit both types of behavior
Wave particle duality
Interact with metal rods
Radio (meters)
Interact with similar objects such as hamburgers
Microwaves (in cm)
Interact with rods & cones in the eye
Visible light (in micrometers)
Interacts with molecules
Ultraviolet light
Interacts with atoms and subatomic particles
X-rays
Interaction with mother is comparable to the function of __________.
Wavelength
Partial absorption of energy
Attenuation
Energy dissipated and absorbed
Absorption
Energy strikes an object & is rebound
Reflection
What are the 3 degrees of interaction with light?
- Transparent
- Translucent
- Opaque
Absorbs photons
Radiopaque (short-scale)
Attenuates; Partial absorption of photons to a small degree; Photons are going through the body
Radiolucent (long-scale)
Measured in eV (electron volts)
Energy
Proton energy is ________ proportional to photon frequency.
Directly
Photon energy is _________ proportional to photon wavelength.
Inversely
Matter of energy can neither be created or destroyed, but may be transferred one to another
Einstein’s Law of mass energy conversions (E = MC^2)
The law for force
Coulumb’s Law
Law for energies
Inverse square law
Name the 5 types of electromagnetic radiation waves in order from longer wavelengths to shorter wavelengths.
Radiowaves Microwaves Visible light Ultraviolet light X-rays
