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Science - Mr. Chestang > Magnetism and Friction > Flashcards

Magnetism and Friction Flashcards

1
Q

Magnetite is a…

A

rock

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2
Q

Magnetite attracts…

A

materials that contain the element iron (Fe)

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3
Q

Where was magnetite discovered?

A

Magnesia, Greece

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4
Q

Magnetite is also known as…

A

Lodestone

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5
Q

What is magnetism?

A

The attraction of a magnet to another object

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6
Q

How many ends do magnets have?

A

2

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7
Q

What are magnet ends called?

A

magnetic poles

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8
Q

In a magnet, where is magnetic force the strongest?

A

the magnetic poles (the ends)

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9
Q

What are the poles called?

A

North and South pole

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10
Q

Two North or two South poles are called…

A

Like poles

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11
Q

1 North and 1 South poles are called…

A

Unlike poles

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12
Q

Like poles…

A

repel

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13
Q

What does repel mean?

A

push away (repulsion)

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14
Q

Unlike poles (opposites)…

A

attract

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15
Q

What does attract mean?

A

move towards eachother (attraction)

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16
Q

Moving electrons create…

A

magnetism

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17
Q

Invisible (microscopic) electrons are located…

A

on the inside of a magnet

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18
Q

Elements on the periodic table are made of…

A

protons, neutrons, and electrons

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19
Q

What is magnetic force?

A

a force of attraction or repulsion created by a magnet

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20
Q

MAGLEV trains are located in…

A

China and Japan.

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21
Q

MAGLEV trains use ____ to work.

A

magnetism

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22
Q

What happens if you break a magnet in half?

A

you make two separate magnets each with a North and South Pole

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23
Q

What exists completely around a magnet?

A

a magnetic field

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24
Q

Magnetic field lines are…

A

invisible

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25
What is a magnetic field?
the region around a magnet where magnetic force is noticed
26
Magnetic field lines map out...
the magnetic field around a magnet
27
Magnetic field lines start...
from the North pole
28
Magnetic field lines curve...
around the magnet
29
Magnetic field lines return...
to the South pole
30
What dimensions are field lines?
field lines are 3D, not just 1 dimensional
31
Do field lines overlap?
field lines on a single magnet never overlap
32
When two or more magnets are close together...
field lines overlap (combined field)
33
When lines of force around a north and south pole join together this is called...
attraction
34
When lines of force around two north or two south poles join together this is called...
repulsion
35
Atoms are made out of...
tiny subatomic particles
36
What subatomic particles are atoms made out of?
protons, neutrons, and electrons
37
What is a magnetic domain?
billions of atoms, that all have magnetic fields lines, lined up in the same direction (aligned) or random directions (unaligned)
38
Spinning electrons cause...
domains to have a magnetic field
39
Domains are represented on paper using...
arrows
40
The arrows representing domains point...
toward the North pole of each domain
41
Puzzle pieces on paper represents...
domains
42
In a material that is not magnetized...
the magnetic domains point in random directions
43
In a magnetized material...
all or most of the magnetic domains are arranged in the same direction
44
Materials that show strong magnetic effects are called...
ferromagnetic
45
Magnets can only be made out of...
ferromagnetic materials
46
Ferromagnetic materials are...
iron, nickel, cobalt, samarium, and neodymium
47
Ferromagnetic comes from...
the Latin term ferrum which means "iron"
48
How do you make a magnet?
by rubbing a ferromagnetic material with a magnet in the same direction repeatedly
49
What is alloy?
a mixture of metals
50
What is a temporary magnet?
magnets made from materials that are easy to magnetize but lose their magnetism quickly
51
What is a permanent magnet?
magnets made from materials that keep their magnetization for long periods of time AND do not lose their magnetism quickly
52
How can a person destroy a magnet?
by moving its domains out of alignment
53
Examples of moving a magnet's domains out of alignment are...
1. Strike it forcefully 2. Heating it to a very high temperature
54
How many elements are on the periodic table?
118 elements
55
Every element box on the periodic table is made of...
invisible (microscopic) atoms
56
How many atoms are in a element box in the periodic table?
billions of them
57
Each electrons are really just...
really tiny magnets (magnetic domains) each with their own magnetic field
58
What is friction?
the holding back towards the one surface/object applies on another when both are rubbed together
59
Example of friction are...
1. A child going down a slide 2. A tennis ball gliding through the air
60
Friction acts...
in a direction opposite to the object's direction of motion
61
Friction depends on...
1. the types of surfaces involved 2. how hard the surfaces push together 3. the speed of the moving objects 4. the shape of the objects involved 5. the surface area of the surfaces/objects
62
Draw a diagram of friction:
63
What is sliding friction?
friction that occurs when one solid surface slides over another
64
What is rolling friction?
friction that occurs when an object rolls over a surface
65
What is fluid friction?
friction that occurs as an object moves through a fluid
66
What is a fluid?
a liquid or a gas
67
Examples of a fluid are...
1. milk 2. helium
68
Is friction useful or not?
it depends on the situation
69
Examples of useful friction are...
1. your shoe gripping the ground in a tug of war match 2. slamming on the brakes to avoid an accident
70
Examples of not useful friction are...
1. moving parts in a car's engine moving so fast that it overheats 2. running in a track and field event into the wind
71
What is static friction?
a force that holds objects in place/keeps it at rest
72
An example of static friction is...
a pebble sitting on a hill

Science - Mr. Chestang (5 decks)

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