MAGMATISM Flashcards
is composed of semi
liquid hot molten rocks located
beneath the Earth, specifically
in the melted mantle rock and
oceanic plate. This molten
state, when solidified, creates
igneous rocks found on the
surface of the Earth.
MAGMA
Magma is found in the _
of the volcano
MAGMA CHAMBER
lava is found on the _ once the volcano erupts.
SURFACE OF THE EARTH
It is a process under the earth’s crust where formation and movement of magma occur.
MAGMATISM
The magma present in the lower crust
and upper mantle of the Earth is
formed or generated through the
process of _
PARTIAL MELTING
These happen in the lower part of the Earth’s crust and in the upper portion of the mantle, known as _
ASTHENOSPHERE
In this
process, different minerals in rock
melt at different temperature and
pressure.
PARTIAL MELTING
Another factor being
considered in this process is the addition of volatile materials such as
_ and _
WATER ; CARBON DIOXIDE
Conduction in mantle happens when heat is transferred from hotter molten rocks to the Earth’s cold crust. This process is known as heat transfer. As magma rises, it is often hot enough to melt the rock it touches. It happens at convergent boundaries, where tectonic plates are crashing together.
AN INCREASE IN TEMPERATURE
These rocks start to melt once the temperature in the lower crust and upper mantle increases or exceeds the _ of minerals.
MELTING POINT
Mantle rocks remain solid when exposed to high pressure. However, during convection, these rocks tend to go upward
(shallower level) and the pressure is reduced. This
triggers the melting of magma
A DECREASE OF PRESSURE
A DECREASE OF PRESSURE IS ALSO KNOWN AS
DECOMPRESSION MELTING
When water or carbon dioxide is added to hot rocks, flux melting occurs. The melting points of minerals within the
rocks decrease. If a rock is already close to its melting point, the effect of adding these volatiles can be enough to trigger partial melting. It occurs around subduction zones.
ADDITION OF VOLATILES
When water or carbon dioxide is added to hot rocks, _ occurs.
FLUX MMELTING
