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Geology 101 > Magmatic ore deposits > Flashcards

Magmatic ore deposits Flashcards

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1
Q

What are some deposits formed during silicate melt/ fractional crystilization

A

Cr, Ti - V oxide deposits

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2
Q

What are deposits formed from immiscible sulphide melt phases

A

Ni, PGE deposits

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3
Q

Deposits formed through extreme fractionation of magma

A

Li, REE

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4
Q

Whats are REE’s

A

Rare earth elements

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5
Q

What is Metasomatism

A

refers to the process whereby a pre-existing rock undergoes compositional and mineralogical transformations associated with chemical reactions triggered by the reaction of fluid or melt

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6
Q

What are examples of layered mafic intrusions

A

PGE’s, Ti, V (oxide) deposits

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7
Q

What are examples of ultramafic lavas - komatites

A

Ni-Cu sulphide rich deposits

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8
Q

What type of rock are PGE deposits concentrated in

A

Igneous rock called Chromatite

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9
Q

what is chomatite formed of

A

70% chromite mineral (Fe-Cr oxide) and 50-30% silicates (pyroxene and plagioclase)

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10
Q

Where is the target deposit of platinum in the world

A

Bushveld complex in South Africa

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11
Q

What is one of the problems with PGM deposits

A

They are quite small

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12
Q

What is an example of a layered mafic intrusion

A

Skaergaard intrusion, East Greenland

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13
Q

what is modal layering

A

Layering resulting from variations in the modal abundance of minerals

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14
Q

Characteristic of a closed system layered intrusion

A

Chamber is filled from single magma influx, example Skaergaard intrusion, Greenland

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15
Q

Characteristic is open system layered intrusions

A

A chamber is filled from multiple magma influxes, example, Rum intrusion, Scotland, Bushveld complex, South Africa

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16
Q

What are cumulate rocks

A

Formed during fractional crytsilisation from magma

17
Q

What are cumulus crystals or primocryststs

A

Crystal that crystallised the first from the melt

18
Q

What are intracumulus or interstitial crystals

A

Crystals that crystallised subsequently

19
Q

Explain 1st process in formation of layering

A

1) Dynamic processes - occur during the filling of the magma chamber or during crytilization

20
Q

Explain 2nd formation of layering

A

Non-dynamic processes - including rapid changes in intensive conditions of crystallisation (e.g. P, oxygen fugacity) that disrupts and change the stable liquids assemblages

21
Q

explain 3rd processing of layering

A

Processes of equilibration of crystal mush - compaction of the crystal mush, grain coarsening an changing liquid composition

22
Q
A

Geology 101 (6 decks)

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