Madeira Winemaking Flashcards
How are grapes inspected at the winery?
For health, weight, and potential alcohol with IVBAM representatives present.
True or False
Whole clusters are pressed to make Madeira
False. Clusters are destemmed
Does maceration take place in Madeira production?
At the producer’s discretion. Tinta Negra typically sees skin contact, especially for medium and sweet styles of wine.
How is fermentation of Madeira conducted?
In stainless steel with ambient yeasts
At what point during fermentationnis Madeira fortified?
Whenever the wine reaches the producer’s desired sweetness level. Sweeter wines may ferment for 2 days while drier wines may ferment for about a week.
What fortifying sport is used in Madeira production?
A 96% ABV grape spirit
Where does the spirit used to fortify Madeira come from?
It can come from anywhere but it must be inspected by IVBAM
What is the final ABV of Madeira?
17-18%
Do Madeira wines usually undergo fining or filtration?
Yes, both. Bentonite, gelatin, and albumin are often used for fining and diatomaceous earth is usually the filtration medium.
What determines the maturation process Madeira wine will undergo?
A tasting and classification of the wine batches according to style and quality
True or False
The conditions for maturing Madeira today match the aging conditions found on sailing ships in the 17h and 18th centuries
True
What are the two maturation techniques used in Madeira production?
Estufagem
Canteiro
What is Estufagem?
A maturation process used in Madeira where fortified wine is stored in stainless steel and heated to 45-50⁰C for a minimum of 3 months. The vessel is sealed by IVBAM and he seal is broken after 3 months
What is the container used in Estufagem?
A stainless steel container called an estufa
True or False
The estufa are not completely filled
True. Some air is permitted to allow for oxidation during the maturation (heating) process.