macular degeneration

Question 1

Select the true statement(s).
A. wet AMD pathophysiology involves the degeneration and atrophy of the retinal pigment membrane
B. dry AMD pathophysiology involves the growth of neovascular complexes from the choroid
C. dry AMD involves the formation of drusen in the eye
D. pts w/ lighter eye colours are at higher risk of developing dry AMD
E. dietary studies have found decreased AMD incidence was associated with phosphorous consumption

Answer 1

correct: C, D

A. wet AMD pathophysiology involves the degeneration and atrophy of the retinal pigment membrane –> FALSE; DRY
B. dry AMD pathophysiology involves the growth of neovascular complexes from the choroid –> FALSE; WET
C. dry AMD involves the formation of drusen in they eye –> TRUE
D. pts w/ lighter eye colours are at higher risk of developing dry AMD –> TRUE
E. dietary studies have found decreased AMD incidence was associated with phosphorous consumption –> FALSE; ZINC

Question 2

Sxhx to ask about when assessing for modifiable risk factors for AMD

Answer 2

smoking
high intake of saturated fatty acids
low omega-3 fatty acid intake
heavy EtOH
elevated BMI

Question 3

what diet recommendations would you provide to a pt who is seeking to decrease their risk of developing AMD?

Answer 3

dietary studies have found decreased AMD incidence was associated with 3+ servings of fruit daily, weekly fish consumption, zinc consumption, high intake of antioxidants

Question 4

Select the false statement(s).
A. increasing your intake of omega-6 fatty acids may help prevent the development of AMD
B. chronic zinc toxicity is associated with the development of anemia
C. animal studies found zinc supplementation was associated with neoplasms and glucose homeostasis issues
D. niacin deficiency is rare, but may be caused by long-term consumption of raw egg whites

Answer 4

correct: A, D

A. increasing your intake of omega-6 fatty acids may help prevent the development of AMD –> FALSE; OMEGA-3
B. chronic zinc toxicity is associated with the development of anemia –> TRUE
C. animal studies found zinc supplementation was associated with neoplasms and glucose homeostasis issues –> TRUE
D. niacin deficiency is rare, but may be caused by long-term consumption of raw egg whites –> FALSE; BIOTIN

Question 5

safety parameters that a pt should monitor for when initiating zinc supplementation

Answer 5

acute zinc toxicity: gastric pain, nausea, dizzy