Macrophages.

Question 1

When are macrophages known as macrophages?

Answer 1

When they are in the blood.

Question 2

What is a monocyte?

Answer 2

A macrophage in the tissues.

Question 3

What name is given to macrophages in the brain?

Answer 3

Microglia.

Question 4

What name is given to macrophages in the spleen?

Answer 4

Splenic macrophages.

Question 5

What name is given to macrophages in the bone?

Answer 5

Osteoclasts.

Question 6

What name is given to macrophages in the liver?

Answer 6

Kupffer cells.

Question 7

What is the major similarity between macrophages and neutrophils?

Answer 7

They can both perform phagocytosis.

Question 8

Do macrophages or neutrophils have a longer lifespan?

Answer 8

Macrophages have a much longer lifespan than neutrophils.

Question 9

Will macrophages die after phagocytosing one pathogen?

Answer 9

No, they can phagocytose more than one pathogen within their lifetime.

Question 10

Will neutrophils or macrophages respond quicker to infections?

Answer 10

Neutrophils.

Question 11

What will activate a macrophage?

Answer 11

Exposure to bacterial proteins and inflammatory markers.

Question 12

What factors will down regulate the activity of a macrophage?

Answer 12

Steroids and prostaglandins.

Question 13

Are macrophages or neutrophils involved in the repair of damaged cells?

Answer 13

Macrophages are involved in repair and neutrophils are not.

Question 14

Macrophages have receptors for what 5 molecules?

Answer 14

The FC region of an antibody.

Complement proteins.

Integrins.

Cytokines.

PRR’s for common microbial proteins.

Question 15

Can macrophages make cytokines?

Answer 15

Yes, so can neutrophils.

Question 16

Can macrophages express integrins?

Answer 16

Yes.

Question 17

Is the cytokine IL-8 made by neutrophils or macrophages?

Answer 17

By neutrophils.

Question 18

Can neutrophils or macrophages carry out sustained phagocytosis?

Answer 18

Macrophages.

Question 19

Will dead neutrophils activate macrophages?

Answer 19

Yes.

Question 20

What 2 ways do macrophages use to kill pathogens?

Answer 20

Oxidative and non-oxidative methods.

They secrete lysozyme and protease’s.

Question 21

Can macrophages make compliment proteins?

Answer 21

Yes.

Question 22

Will macrophages produce cytokines?

Answer 22

Yes.

Question 23

What is the function of cytokines?

Answer 23

They attract more immune cells to come to the infection site.

Question 24

What are the 4 cytokines that are produced by macrophages?

Answer 24

IL-1.

IL-6.

IL-12.

TNF-𝛂.

Question 25

What allows macrophages to communicate with the adaptive immune system?

Answer 25

Cytokines.

Question 26

In what 2 ways are macrophages involved in wound healing?

Answer 26

They produce proteinase which breaks down collagen.

They are angiogenic and produce growth factors that encourage the development of new blood vessels.

Question 27

Can macrophages slow down inflammation?

Answer 27

Yes, if it is necessary.

Question 28

Are macrophages or neutrophils antigen presenting cells?

Answer 28

Macrophages are antigen presenting cells as they trap and present antigens to lymphocytes.